季铵盐型双子表面活性剂的合成和性能  

Synthesis and properties of quaternary ammonium gemini surfactants

作　　者：卢庆祥 傅式洲[2] 尹宝霖[2] 陶文梅[2] 豆甲立[2] 魏西莲[2] 

机构地区：[1]枣庄科技职业学院,山东枣庄277500 [2]聊城大学化学化工学院,山东聊城252059

出　　处：《日用化学工业》2009年第2期81-84,96,共5页China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.20673050);山东省自然科学基金资助项目(No.Y2006B05)

摘　　要：以烷基二甲基叔胺R(CH3)2N(R为C12H25、C14H29和C16H33)、盐酸、环氧氯丙烷为原料合成了系列季铵盐型双子表面活性剂GnC l2(n=12,14,16),样品经核磁共振及元素分析证实其结构。研究了其水溶液的表面活性、泡沫性能和杀菌性能。结果表明,所合成的双子阳离子表面活性剂具有较高的表面活性,烷基链越长,临界胶束浓度越小;不同链长的GnC l2体系中,G12C l2溶液的起泡和稳泡效能最高,起泡和稳泡效率最低;通过纸片扩散法测定其杀菌性能表明,双季铵盐型表面活性剂具有优良的杀菌能力。A series of quaternary ammonium gemini surfactants （GnCl2 ） were synthesized with alkyl -dimethyl - tertiary amine （R（CH3）2N, R = CnH2n＋1, n = 12, 14, 16）, hydrochloric acid and epoxy chloropropane as raw materials. The products were characterized by elemental analysis and ^1HNMR. Surface activity, foaming and sterilizing performance of the aqueous solution of the product were investigated. The results indicated that the gemini cationic surfactant products have strong surface activity. The surface activity is relevant to the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl chain of surfactant molecule. The longer the alkyl chain is, the lower the critical micelle concentration will be. Among the three kinds of GnCl2, G12Cl2 solution possesses the highest foaming power and foam stability, but the lowest foaming power and foam stability efficiency. Sterilizing performance of the surfactants was determined with filter paper diffusion method. The results showed that all of the synthesized quaternary ammonium gemini surfactants performs quite good sterilizing performance.

关 键 词：季铵盐双子表面活性剂 表面活性 泡沫性能 杀菌性能 

分 类 号：TQ423.12[化学工程]