油菜(Brassica napus)油酸性状的遗传规律研究  

Study on Inheritance Law of Oleic Acid Character on Brassica napus

作　　者：官梅[1] 李栒[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学油料作物研究所,国家油料改良中心湖南分中心,中国湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《生命科学研究》2009年第2期152-157,共6页Life Science Research

基　　金：国家948计划项目(2003-Q04);国家863计划项目(2006AA10A113);国家973计划项目(2006CB101603)

摘　　要：以高油酸油菜品系04—863（油酸含量80．5％）与低油酸油菜品系湘油15号自交系04-1020（油酸含量62．7％）为材料，通过杂交获E、R代和回交一代，研究了油菜油酸性状的遗传规律．结果表明：1）油菜油酸性状属数量性状．呈连续变异．很难明确分组；2）杂种一代表现为两亲本的中间类型，但受母本的影响较大，当以高油酸品系04—863为母本时，E代的油酸含量（X^-=73．41）分布倾向高油酸亲本，相反，若以低油酸湘油15号自交系04—1020为母本，E代油酸含量（X=67．75）分布则倾向低油酸亲本；3）对环境条件变化比较敏感，亲代（P1、P2）或一代都存在着由于环境条件差异而引起的表型差异．F2代广泛分离既有基因型分离的差异，又有环境引起的表型差异．度量这种差异分别以方差和标准差来表示离开平均数的变异程度，在各世代中以F2的方差和标准差最大．分别为V=52．81，S=7-28；4）各代变异的次数分布大体上符合正态分布，即极端类型个体少，中间类型多：5）支配油菜油酸性状的基因数为一对主基因符合孟德尔的3：1分离规律，其回交比例为1：1，油酸性状的遗传力为69％～71％，是由于遗传差异引起的，另31％～29％则是由于环境差异引起的．说明数量性状与质量性状的区分是相对的．The materials which we have used were both high oleic acid line 04-863 （80.5%） and low oleic acid line Xiangyou No.15 self-pollination line 04-1020 （62.7%）. Inheritance law of oleic acid character of rapeseed was studied. The results are as follows： 1 ） Oleic acid character in rapeseed is an quantitative character, which can not be distinguished distinctly; 2） Oleic acid content in F1 is middle between both parents but maternal has more influence on it, if high oleic acid line 04-863 is used as maternal, the distribution of oleic acid content （X =73.41 ） is reflected to maternal. If low oleic acid content line 04-1020 is used as maternal, the F1 oleic acid content （X^- = 67.75 ） is also reflected to maternal of low oleic acid content; 3） The oleic acid contents in both the parents and F1 are susceptible to environment changes, as they show phenotypic differences and in one of their genotypes respectively; F2 generation shows wideranging separation which is due to both genotype separation and environment difference. The measurement of phenotype difference is used by variance （V） and standard deviation （S）. Which has been recorded that the degree of variation departs form mean and standard deviation of F2 generation is larger than other generations such as P1, P2, and G, that is V=52.81 and S=7.28 in F2; 4） The distribution of variance in P1, P2, F1 and F2 shows nearly normal distribution, that is extremity type a few and middle type a great many; 5） One pair major gene is necessary to control rapeseed oleic acid character. This is due to separation of oleic acid character which shows a ratio 3 ： 1 law of separation by Mendel and by backcross ratio 1 ： 1. The heritability of oleic acid is 69%-71%, which is 69%-70% due to influence of heredity difference and 31%-29% by environment influence. The results showed that the difference between quantitative and qualitative character is not absolutely relevant.

关 键 词：油莱 油酸 遗传 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]