人工养殖条件下真蛸的生物学特性及胚胎发育  

Biological characteristics and embryonic development of Octopus vulgaris under artificial farming condition

作　　者：徐实怀[1] 马之明[1] 贾晓平[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所,广东广州510300

出　　处：《南方水产》2009年第2期63-68,共6页South China Fisheries Science

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所)资助项目(2007YD05)

摘　　要：对人工养殖条件下真蛸(Octopus vulgaris)的生物学特性和胚胎发育进行了初步研究。结果表明,真蛸喜栖息于阴暗的场所,隐居,主要捕食一些活体甲壳类和贝类,也能很好的适应死鱼、蟹和贝类等饵料,夜间或傍晚摄食较为活跃。繁殖季节,雌、雄个体间存在交配行为,临产时亲蛸(♀)藏入巢穴,受精卵分批产出,呈穗状悬挂于巢穴顶部或四壁,亲蛸(♀)具有护卵行为。人工养殖条件下亲蛸不能全部产出其所怀的卵,产卵量为7×104～20×104粒,单位体重产卵量为42～71粒.g-1。受精卵为盘状卵裂,经过肉眼可见的红珠期、黑珠期、胚胎的逆转,水温18.2～22.1℃时,真蛸幼体经过35～42d孵化出膜;22.3～26.9℃时,真蛸幼体经过24～37d孵化出膜;24.6～28.3℃时,真蛸幼体经过23～33d孵化出膜。Biological characteristics and artificial reproduction technique of Octopus vulgaris were studied. Results showed that this animal preferred to live in shades and to prey upon lives animals like crustaceans and shellfish. It also ate dead baits animals such as dead fish, crabs and mollusks etc. It preyed more actively at night. Female individuals mated with male individuals in the breeding sea- son. Before giving birth, O. vulgaris females hided themselves into the nest, and laid fertilized egg in batches, which clustered in bundies and attached to the walls of the nest. Females had the behavior of egg protection. It could not release all the eggs it held. The amount of ovulated eggs ranged from 7 ×10^4 to 20 × 10^4 eggs, about 42 - 71 eggs ·g^-1 under artificial farming condition. Development of eggs lasted for 35 - 42 days in sea water before hatching when the water temperature was 18. 2 -22. 1℃, 24 - 37 days at 22. 3- 26. 9℃ or 23 -33 days at 24. 6 -28. 3℃.

关 键 词：真蛸 生物学特性 人工繁殖 胚胎发育 

分 类 号：S966[农业科学—水产养殖]