孔喉尺度阳离子聚合物弹性微球的合成及性能  

COMPOSITION AND PERFORMANCE OF CATIONIC POLYMER ELASTIC MICROSPHERE IN PORE-SCALE

作　　者：王志瑶[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]长江大学化学与环境工程学院,湖北荆洲434023 [2]大庆油田有限责任公司勘探开发研究院,黑龙江大庆163712

出　　处：《大庆石油地质与开发》2009年第2期108-111,共4页Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing

基　　金：中国石油天然气股份有限公司重点科技攻关项目（0401119-1）资助.

摘　　要：目前的三次采油技术中，化学驱技术占有最重要的位置，化学驱中又以聚合物驱技术最为成熟有效，但是也存在着很多问题。聚合物注入油层后，在高温条件下会发生热降解和进一步水解，破坏聚合物的稳定性，降低了聚合物的驱油效果。同时地层水和注入水矿化度低有利聚合物增黏。因为水的矿化度高，可导致聚合物的黏度降低，增加聚合物的注入量，从而增加成本，不利于聚合物驱油的应用。因此需在抗温、抗盐研究方面加大力度，筛选出适合的添加剂，使驱油剂不仅有较强的增黏性，同时也有较好的稳定性。为此，实验用微材料合成方法，设计合成了孔喉尺度阳离子聚合物弹性微球。显微图像表明合成微球有好的圆球度，堆积密度较大，可方便的在线注入油层。微球具有良好的耐温性、耐矿化度特性和弹性变形性，能在水中膨胀5～10倍；合成阳离子微球能利用地层中残留阴离子聚合物通过静电引力形成交联絮团，增大残余阻力系数；阳离子微球与阴离子聚合物溶液交联体系的阻力系数比纯聚合物溶液大1．5倍以上，残余阻力系数可达水驱时的10倍，可延缓聚驱含水下降漏斗的回返速度，提高聚合物驱油效果。Chemical flooding has the most importance role in present EOR technologies, in which polymer flooding technology is the most effective and mature but with many disadvantages. After injection of polymer into reservoirs, under high temperature thermal degradation and further hydrolysis will break stability of polymer and reduce its displacement effect . High salinity of formation water and injected water will reduce viscosity of polymer and increase injected volume, unfavorable for its application because of incremental cost. Therefore, efforts should be made in the study of salt and temperature resistance and screening work of adaptable additive, so as to offer oil displacement agent with high stability and viscosity. In this paper, cationic polymer elastic microsphere in pore-scale is composited with synthesis method of micro-material. Micro-image shows composite microsphere has well round sphere and large packing density favorable for in line injection. Experimental study also indicates it has good temperature resistance, salinity resistance and elastic deformation, swelling 5 - 10 times in the water. Composite cationic microsphere will produce cross linked flock with residual anion polymer through electrostatic attraction, thus increasing residual resistance factor greatly. Residual resistance factor of cationic microsphere and anion polymer solution cross-linking system, 1.5 times than that of polymer pure solution and 10 times of water flooding, can suspend reversion rate of water cut cone of depression in polymer displacement and increase displacement effect.

关 键 词：孔喉尺度 阳离子弹性微球 阻力系数 波及体积 

分 类 号：TE357.46[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]