跳高、排球运动员膝关节屈伸肌群生物力学的特征  

Biomechanical characteristics of bending and stretching muscle groups of the knee joint of high jumpers and volleyball players

作　　者：夏联富[1] 王晓东[2] 

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学体育学科部,四川绵阳621010 [2]华中师范大学体育学院,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《体育学刊》2009年第3期105-107,共3页Journal of Physical Education

摘　　要：通过应用Cybex-6000等速测试系统对22名排球运动员和28名跳高运动员膝关节肌力进行等速向心肌力测试，以探讨排球、跳高两个不同项目运动员膝关节屈伸等速肌力特征及差别。测试结果表明：跳高运动员优势腿、非优势腿股四头肌相对峰力矩在360^（°）／s和90^（°）／s上均大于排球运动员；而排球运动员胭绳肌相对峰力矩与跳高运动员无明显差异，排球运动员双侧胭绳肌峰力矩（90^（°）／s）差异程度显著小于跳高运动员；排球运动员在90^（°）／s的速度下测得的股四头肌与胭绳肌峰力矩比值（H／Q）要显著低于跳高运动员，随着角速度的变化（90～360^（°）／s），排球运动员和跳高运动员股四头肌与胭绳肌峰力矩比值（H／Q）均随之增大。By applying the Cybex-6000 constant velocity test system, the authors did a constant velocity centripetal muscle strength test on muscle groups of the knee joint of 22 volleyball players and 28 high jumpers in order to probe into the characteristics and differences of constant velocity muscle strength of the knee joint of athletes in such two different events as volleyball and high jump, and revealed the following findings： the relative peak moment of quadriceps of thigh of the advantageous leg and non-advantageous leg of the high jumpers is greater than the same of volleyball player both at 360^（°）/s and 90^（°）/s; there is no significant difference in relative peak moment of hamstring between the volleyball players and high jumpers, and the degree of difference between peak moment （90^（°）/s） of hamstring at both sides of the volleyball players is significantly lower than the same of the high jumpers; the ratio of peak moment of quadriceps of thigh and hamstring of the volleyball players, as measured at the speed of 90^（°）/s, is significantly lower than the same of the high jumpers; with the change of angular velocity （90-360^（°）/s）, the ratio of peak moment of quadrieeps of thigh and hamstring of the volleyball players and high jumpers increases.

关 键 词：运动生物力学 膝关节 等速向心收缩 跳高 排球 

分 类 号：G804.66[文化科学—运动人体科学]