深圳市宝安区2003-2007年麻疹流行病学特征  

Epidemiological Characteristics of Measles in Baoan District of Shenzh City From 2003 to 2007

作　　者：徐立中 谢金娜[1] 叶发忠[2] 蓝燕[2] 

机构地区：[1]深圳市宝安区人民医院,广东深圳518101 [2]深圳市宝安区疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2009年第2期380-381,共2页Practical Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析深圳市宝安区2003-2007年麻疹流行病学特征。方法采用描述流行病学方法。结果深圳市宝安区2003-2007年共报告麻疹205例,年发病率为1.93/10万～11.41/10万;常住和流动人口发病分别为159和46例,各占77.56%和22.44%,常住人口中外来工病例占42.14%(67/159);205例中<8月龄儿童发病13例,占6.34%,≥18岁136例,占66.34%,病例中有麻疹疫苗免疫史者占15.61%(32/205),无免疫史和免疫史不详者占84.39%(173/205)。结论人口频繁流动和免疫空白及免疫失败人群的自然积累是麻疹发病回升的主要原因。高覆盖率的常规免疫结合强化免疫活动和有效的疾病监测系统是控制麻疹的策略。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Baoan District of Shenzh from 2003 to 2007. Methods The data of epidemiological investigation and surveillance reports of infectious diseases were analyzed by using descriptive epidemiological method. Results There were 205 measles cases during the period of 2003- 2007, the annual incidence rate was between 1.93/100,000 and 11, 41/100,000. Among these cases, 159 cases were permanent residents, accounted for 77.56 %, and 46 cases were floating population, accounted for 22.44 %. Among the permanent residents, nonnative employee cases accounted for 42. 14% （67/159）. In 205 cases, 13 cases were patients aged below 8 months, accounted for 6.34%; 136 cases were patients aged 18 years and above, accounted for 66.34%. 15.61% had measles vaccine immunization history （32/205）, and 84.39 % were non vaccinated or uncertain （173/205）. Conclusions The main factors leading to measles outbreak are large floating population, non- vaccinated and failed immunity： The effective strategies include improving the coverage rate of routine immunization, promoting booster vaccination of measles properly in floating population and reinforcing surveillance of epidemic situation.

关 键 词：麻疹 流行病学特征 控制策略 

分 类 号：R181.8[医药卫生—流行病学]