桐马禾云——宋、元、明农具秧马考  

Platane Wood–horses and Seedlings——To verify the farming tool seedling–horse used in Song,Yuan,Ming Dynasties

作　　者：王颋[1] 王为华[1] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学历史地理研究中心,广东广州510632

出　　处：《中国农史》2009年第1期7-15,共9页Agricultural History of China

摘　　要：作为农作器具的"秧马",缘苏轼的相关作品而于宋、元代脍炙人口。其使用的地域,北宋有湖北、广东、江东、浙西、浙东等,逮南宋、元之际,推广至淮东、淮西、湖南、广西、福建、四川,甚至黄河以北。其形状似小船,前、后高耸,中间洼凹,可供劳作者跨坐,自然也就减轻了弯腰的苦楚。在当时的秧田里,畦与畦之间,必须有颇宽的行距可供滑行,鉴于此,其起源地很可能是在广东。到了近世,随着人多地少的矛盾加剧,秧苗间的行距愈来愈小;于是,这种进而被缩小了长度、宽度,且去掉了首、尾部分的器具,不再用于插秧,而只用于拔秧。As a farming tool, seedling lated works written by Su Shi.During - horse was well known in the Song, Yuan dynasties due to the rethe North Song dynasty, it was used in Zhejiang and so on, then it was popularized in the Huaidong, Huaixi, Hunan, Hubei, Guangdong, Jiangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Sichuan, even the north of the Yellow River in the time between the South Song and Yuan dynasties. The shape was similar with a boat, tall in back and forth, low in middle and easily for sitting on it, in that way this tool could reduce the pains of bent naturally. At that time, there must be enough room among the seedling lines for sliding, so it most likely originated in Guangdong. In the modem times, as the conflict between vast population and limited farmland grew more and more serious, the spacing between seedling lines also grew more and more narrow. At last,the length and width were shortened and the parts of both ends were removed away, as a result, the seedling - horse no longer used for seedling planting, only for pulling.

关 键 词：秧马 使用地域 插秧 拔秧 

分 类 号：S-09[农业科学] K03[历史地理—历史学]