氮素对冬小麦光合物质贮运及籽粒灌浆进程的影响  

Effect of nitrogen application on accumulation and transportation of photoassimilation and grain filling course

作　　者：吴清丽[1] 高茂盛[2] 廖允成[1] 温晓霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学农学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2009年第2期120-124,137,共6页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30671227;30070439;30300213);"十一五"国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD15B06);陕西省自然科学基金(2006C104);西北农林科技大学"青年学术骨干支持计划"

摘　　要：采用田间试验,以冬小麦西农9814为材料,研究了氮肥对冬小麦光合物质贮运及籽粒灌浆特性的影响。结果表明,适宜的施氮量(276 kg/hm2)提高了冬小麦花期旗叶叶绿素含量及光合速率,延缓了冬小麦旗叶开花后叶绿素降解速率和光合下降速率、提高了冬小麦花前营养器官贮藏物质的运转量和运转率、促进了各营养器官光合同化物向籽粒的运转,增加其占籽粒重的比重、冬小麦籽粒的灌浆速率明显增加;过量施氮(345 kg/hm2)反而降低了冬小麦旗叶叶绿素含量和光合速率、抑制了营养器官光合同化物向籽粒的运转,降低了籽粒灌浆速率和产量。Field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of nitrogen application on accumulation and transportation of photoassimilation and characteristic of grain filling,using winter wheat Xinong 9814.The results indicated that the fitting nitrogen application（276 kg/hm2） increased the flag leaf＇s chlorophyll content and flag leaf＇s net photosynthesis、 the fitting nitrogen application not only enhance the transportation and transport efficiency of dry matter stored in vegetative organs before anthesis,but also accelerate the dry matter stored in vegetative organs before anthesis transport to grain and increase the proportion of dry matter stored in vegetative organs before anthesis in grain,enhance the speed of grain filling;On the contrary nitrogen over-application（345 kg/hm2）decreased the flag leaf＇s chlorophyll content and flag leaf＇s net photosynthesis、restrained the transportation of dry matter stored in vegetative organs before anthesis to grain,decreased the speed of grain filling and grain weight.

关 键 词：施氮量 干物质 灌浆特性 贮运 

分 类 号：S311[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]