流域单元景观格局与农业非点源污染的关系  

Relationships between watershed unit landscape pattern and agricultural non-point source pollution.

作　　者：唐艳凌[1,2] 章光新[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,长春130012 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100039

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2009年第4期740-746,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：吉林省与中国科学院科技合作高技术产业化资助专项(2006SYHZ0025)

摘　　要：农业非点源污染日益成为影响地表环境的主要污染方式之一,正确理解景观格局和农业非点源污染过程的关系是进一步认识农业非点源污染发生机制的关键。本文应用去趋势典范对应分析方法(DCCA)对石头口门水库控制流域13个流域单元的景观格局与农业非点源污染关系进行定量分析。结果表明:DCCA排序前2轴分别与森林比率、植被指数、景观聚集度指数、多样性指数和耕地及居民建设用地比率显著相关,累计解释了景观格局与农业非点源污染关系的92%,证明此方法对研究目标具有较高显示度。各流域单元农业非点源污染养分径流输出特征沿景观因子梯度具有明显空间变异。Agricultural non-point source （AGNPS） pollution has become one of the main pollution modes of earth surface environment. Understanding on the relationships between landscape pattern and AGNPS pollution is crucial for further cognizing the occurrence mechanism of AGNPS pollution. This study quantified the relationships in 13 watershed units of Shitoukoumen Reservoir between landscape pattern and AGNPS pollution by detrended canonical correspondence analysis （DCCA）. The results showed that the first two DCCA axes significantly correlated to forest area ratio, vegetation index, landscape cohesion index, Shannon＇ s diversity index, farmland ratio, and rural built-up land ratio explained 92% of the relationships between landscape pattern and AGNPS pollution in study area, suggesting that DCCA was an effective method. The characteristics of nutrients discharge from watershed units changed significantly with landscape pattern gradient.

关 键 词：景观格局 农业非点源污染 流域单元 DCCA 石头口门水库 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]