新型低聚季铵盐阳离子粘土稳定剂的研制及评价  

Development and Evaluation of Novel Low Polymerizing Quaternary Ammonium Salt as Cationic Clay Stabilizer

作　　者：闫杰[1] 马喜平[1] 孙川[1] 仇盛南[2] 

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学化学化工学院,成都610500 [2]中石油华北油田分公司,任丘062552

出　　处：《精细石油化工进展》2009年第3期16-20,共5页Advances in Fine Petrochemicals

摘　　要：以三甲胺与环氧氯丙烷为原料,通过季铵盐烷基化和低聚化反应,合成出低聚季铵盐阳离子粘土稳定剂CPCS。确定最佳合成条件如下:n(三甲胺):n(环氧氯丙烷)=1:1.2,反应温度60℃,反应时间3 h,pH为1。选用三氟化硼-乙醚为催化剂、甲醇为增溶剂。通过离心法对产品防膨性能进行评价,以新疆油田含钾离子膨润土为评价用膨润土,现场性能评价结果表明,CPCS含量不高于1%时防膨率可达到90%以上。The low polymerizing quaternary ammonium salt as cationic clay stabilizer CPCS was synthesized by reaction of trimethyl amine with epichlorohydrin via the process of alkylation and oligomerization under the participation of the catalysts. The optimum reaction conditions were determined as follows： molar ratio of trimethyl to epichlorohydrin 1 ： 1.2, reaction temperature 60℃, reaction time 5 hours, pH of the reaction system 1. BF3 - ethyl ether was selected as catalyst, methanol as solubilizing agent. The performance of anti- swelling for products was evaluated by the method of centrifuging using the bentonite containing potassium ion from Xinjiang Oilfield. The further evaluation of the stabilizer on the spot showed the rate of anti - swelling reached above 90% when the content of CPCS was below 1%.

关 键 词：低聚合物 季铵盐阳离子 粘土防膨剂 烷基化反应 环氧氯丙烷 

分 类 号：TQ316.3[化学工程—高聚物工业]