不同覆盖度下盆栽苋菜蒸腾规律的研究  

Study on Transpiration of Potted Amaranth under Different Surface Coverage Degree

作　　者：李霞[1,2] 王国栋[1] 薛绪掌[2] 解迎革[1] 李邵[2,3] 陈菲[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学理学院,陕西杨陵712100 [2]国家农业信息化工程技术研究中心,北京100097 [3]扬州大学江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2009年第4期1-5,共5页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(“863”计划)项目“主要农作物节水高产农艺补偿技术研究”(2006AA100202-2);“十一五”国家科技支撑计划项目“西部民族地区电子农务平台关键技术研究及应用”(2007BAD33B01)

摘　　要：通过盆栽试验,研究了不同覆盖度下苋菜所处小环境的温湿度变化以及苋菜的蒸腾耗水规律。结果表明:植株生长点的温湿度随覆盖度的增大而增加,蒸腾速率和昼夜蒸腾量随覆盖度的增大而减小。通过逐步回归分析,给出了不同覆盖处理下盆栽苋菜的蒸腾速率、白天蒸腾量与气象因子的相关关系。不同覆盖处理对温室盆栽苋菜的根冠比、叶绿素相对含量、蒸腾耗水量、干物质积累量以及水分利用效率均有极显著的影响,除了水分利用效率随覆盖度的增大而增加,其他均随覆盖度的增加而减小。15/16圆覆盖、3/4圆覆盖、1/2圆覆盖、无圆覆盖处理的蒸腾耗水量分别为对照处理的32.65%、54.64%、63.36%和69.98%。可见密封一部分空间,抑制了植株蒸腾耗水,同时也提高了水分利用效率,为设施农业水资源的节约利用提供依据。Through pot experiment, change rule of air temperature and humidity at growth point of amaranth and its transpiration rule under different surface coverage degree are studied in this paper. The results show that the air temperature and humidity increase with the increase of the coverage degree, while the transpiration rate and quantity decrease with the increase of the coverage degree. The correlation among transpiration rate, daytime transpiration quantity and meteorological parameters under different surface coverage degree is obtained through stepwise regression analysis. The effects of different surface coverage degree on root-top ratio, chlorophyll content, transpiration consumption, dry matter accumulation and water use efficiency of potted amaranth are extremely significant. Except that water use efficiency increases with the increase of the coverage degree, others all decrease with the increase of the coverage degree. Transpiration quantity of 15/16 circle coverage, 3/4 circle coverage, 1/2 circle coverage and non-circle coverage treatment are 32.65%, 54. 64%, 63.36% and 69. 98% of the comparison treatment, respectively. It is indicated that transpiration can be bated and water use efficiency can be enhanced at the same time through sealing the part of space. This study will provide a basis for the water-saving of facilities agriculture.

关 键 词：苋菜 覆盖度 蒸腾量 白天平均光照 干物质 水分利用效率 

分 类 号：S161.41[农业科学—农业气象学]