两株不同来源的嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌对黄铜矿浸出的研究  

Comparison of the Bioleaching Ability of Native and Standard Strains of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans in Chalcopyrite Recovery

作　　者：夏乐先[1] 彭安安[1] 郭雪[1] 邱冠周[1] 柳建设[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学资源加工与生物工程学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《现代生物医学进展》2009年第6期1068-1070,共3页Progress in Modern Biomedicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(20803094;50621063);国家重大基础研究项目(No.2004CB619204)

摘　　要：为了比较两株不同来源的嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌菌株在不同培养基中的亚铁氧化活性和黄铜矿浸出能力,本研究采用了分离自广东梅山酸性矿坑水中的菌株M1和标准菌株ATCC23270,对其在9K培养基中的亚铁氧化活性和矿物培养基中氧化还原电位以及浸矿效率进行了测定,该矿物培养基中黄铜矿来自广东梅山。研究结果表明,菌株M1在9K培养基中需5天才能将亚铁完全氧化,而ATCC23270只需4天,但是菌株M1的铜离子浸出效率(38%)却高于ATCC23270(31%),浸出30天后,菌株M1浸矿体系的氧化还原电位从最初348mV上升到520mV,而ATCC23270上升较小,仅从最初350mV上升到491mV。氧化还原电位的变化说明从广东梅山分离得到的菌株M1在浸矿体系中亚铁氧化活性比ATCC23270更高。菌株M1比长期实验室培养的标准菌株ATCC23270更适合当地矿物的微生物浸出,因而在生物浸出工艺中,应考虑采用分离或富集当地原生菌株来进行浸矿。To compare the ferrous iron oxidation and chalcopyrite bioleaching performance of the native strain Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans M1 isolated from the acid mine drainage of Meishan, Guangdong Province and the standard strain Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans ATCC 23270, the two strains were cultured in different media, and the microbial ferrous iron-oxidizing rates, the oxidation-reduction potential of mineral culture media and the leaching ratios were detected and calculated under different conditions. The chalcopyrite ore used in this study was mined from Meishan, Guangdong Province. Results showed that the strain M1 which was directly screened from acid mineral drainage exhibited a little lower ferrous iron-oxidizing ability in 9K medium but higher activity in leaching system with chalcopyrite when compared with A. ferroxidans ATCC 23270. The oxidation-reduction potential of the leaching system with the native strains was increased from 348 mV to 520 mV after 30 days but the change of which in the system with the standard strain A. ferroxidans ATCC 23270 was not so significant relatively and just increased from 350 mV to 491 mV. Meanwhile, the leaching ratio of the copper by A. ferroxidans M1 was 38% and higher than 31% by A. ferroxidans ATCC 23270. Thus, the native strains A. ferroxidans M1 are more applicative to extract metal from local minerals than the standard strain A. ferroxidans ATCC 23270 customarily cultured in laboratory in well-defined medium. The native microbial strains isolated and enriched from local environments are the priority choice in bioleaching industry.

关 键 词：黄铜矿 氧化亚铁硫杆菌 生物浸出 

分 类 号：Q939.1[生物学—微生物学] TS225.13[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]