学生创新和实践能力考核在大学招生中的价值:美国“彩虹项目”的启示  

The Value of Assessing Student Creativity and Practicality in College Admissions:Implications of American Rainbow Project

作　　者：常桐善[1] 

机构地区：[1]美国加州大学校长办公室

出　　处：《考试研究》2009年第2期116-127,共12页Examinations Research

摘　　要："彩虹项目"是由美国大学委员会资助的大学招生研究项目,其目的是探索研究大学招生中考核学生创新和实践能力的必要性。研究结果表明测评这两项能力在大学招生中具有极其重要的意义和价值。增加这项评价有利于对申请学生的能力进行更加全面的考核,不仅可以提高对大学GPA的预测效度,而且可以削减由于弱势群体和其他学生在大学入学标准考试中的不同表现所造成的招生偏差,使招生更具有卓越性和公平性。本文扼要介绍和阐述"彩虹项目"研究的理论基础、考核创新和实践能力的内容、考试结果对大学GPA的预测效度以及在美国塔夫茨大学的实践经验。The Rainbow Project led by Professor Sternberg and founded by the College Board aims at studying the need to provide a supplementary assessment of analytical skills, as well as tests of practical and creative skills to augment the SAT in predicting college performance. The results indicate that such supplementary tests are important and valuable in admissions by enhancing predictive validity for the college GPA and also reducing ethnic group differences. The findings suggest that such assessment potentially could increase admissions diversity and equity. This study introduces the theoretical framework of the Rainbow Project, the relative tests, the research results, and the experience using these measures in Tufts University admissions.

关 键 词：大学招生 彩虹项目 考核方法 创新能力 实践能力 

分 类 号：G649.561[文化科学—高等教育学]