稠油高效降解菌的降解特性及其应用  

Degrading characteristics and application of high-efficiency microorganisms for viscous oil

作　　者：王鑫[1,2] 郭书海[1] 孙铁珩[1,2] 苏丹 杨雪莲[4] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110016 [2]沈阳大学污染环境的生态修复与资源化技术教育部重点实验室,沈阳110044 [3]辽宁省环境科学研究院,沈阳110031 [4]沈阳大学生物与环境工程学院,沈阳110044

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2009年第4期586-590,共5页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2004CB418500);沈阳大学污染环境的生态修复与资源化技术教育部重点实验室开放基金(ERCERR0801)

摘　　要：以稠油为唯一碳源,对细菌B0501、B0505和B0510的降解特性进行了分析,结果表明3株菌对稠油的不同组分具有不同程度的降解能力,其中B0505对烷烃、B0510对芳香烃以及B0501对胶质和沥青质的去除率较高,分别为42.26%、35.30%和40.76%;混合菌协同作用强化了稠油组分的降解,3株菌株组合对烷烃、芳香烃以及胶质沥青质的降解率分别达到44.23%、38.56%和62.12%;微生物对稠油降解过程符合一级动力学方程,其中3株菌株组合对稠油降解的速率最快,半衰期(t1/2)为5.36 d。将微生物应用于稠油废水处理实践,结果表明外源微生物的投加强化了废水中COD的去除率;GC-MS图谱及降解前后有机成分分析进一步佐证了微生物对稠油废水中有机成分的降解能力。Degrading characteristics of bacteria B0501, B0505 and B0510 with viscous oil as the sole carbon source were investigated. The experimental results show that different components have different degrees of degradation by the three different bacteria. And the degradation rates of alkyl hydrocarbon by B0505, that of aromatic hydrocarbon by B0510 and that of pectin and aliphatic hydrocarbon by B0501 are higher, which are 42.26% , 35.30% and 40.76% , respectively. Mixed bacteria enhance the degradation of oily component by synergism ; the three mixed bacteria mentioned above have the degradation rates of 4.23% for alkyl hydrocarbon,38.56% for aromatic hydrocarbon and 62.12% for pectin and aliphatic hydrocarbon. In addition, the biodegradation kinetics of viscous oil was studied. And the process of biodegradation follows the first-order kinetics. The three mixed strains have the fastest removal rate for viscous oil; the half life is 5.36 days. The bacterial strains after accumulation were applied into the treatment of viscous oil wastewater; the COD removal rate is enhanced by inoculating microbes. GC-MS and the components previous and after biodegradation analyses show that crude oil was degraded markedly, which can be the proof of the degrading ability for the above bacteria.

关 键 词：稠油 高效降解菌 降解特性 GC-MS图谱 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]