螺旋粉虱的生物学特性  

Biological characteristics of the spiralling whitefly, Aleurodicus dispersus Russell (Homoptera:Aleyrodidae)

作　　者：韩冬银[1] 刘奎[1] 张方平[1] 黄武仁[1] 张敬宝[1] 金启安[1] 符悦冠[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所,热带农林有害生物入侵监测与控制农业部重点开放实验室/海南省热带农业有害生物检测监控重点实验室,海南儋州571737

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2009年第3期281-289,共9页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：社会公益研究专项"热带作物重要外来有害生物预警技术研究"(2004DIA4J012);2008年公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200803023);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项"螺旋粉虱在海南暴发的生态管理研究"(2007hzs1J008)

摘　　要：螺旋粉虱Aleurodicus disperses Russell是一种新入侵海南的重要害虫。本文结合田间观察和室内实验,对螺旋粉虱各虫态的形态特征及生物学特性进行了系统观察和研究。结果表明:螺旋粉虱世代的发育起点温度和有效积温分别为8.88℃和511.86日·度,在海南一年可发生8～9代。在18～32℃恒温条件下,螺旋粉虱世代发育历期为26.63～57.16d,其中卵期7.15～15.93d,1龄若虫期4.00～11.03d,2龄若虫期3.83～7.53d,3龄若虫期4.09～8.64d,拟蛹期7.56～14.03d。在18～32℃条件下,各虫态发育速率与温度呈抛物线关系,但在18～28℃则为直线关系;低温和高温都不利于其繁殖,14℃恒温条件下无法完成世代发育。成虫不活跃,活动有明显的规律性,晴天活动多集中在上午,阴天活动少,雨天不活动。The spiralling whitefly, Aleurodicus dispersus Russell, is a newly destructive invasive pest in Hainan Island, China. The morphology and biology of the spiralling whitefly were studied systematically through observations and experiments both in fields and laboratory. The results showed that the developmental threshold and the effective accumulative temperature for whole generation were estimated to be 8.88℃ and 511.86 degree-days, respectively, and 8 -9 generations could occur per year in Hainan Island. In the temperature range of 18℃ to 32℃, the developmental duration from egg to adult is 26.63 to 57.15 d （ including that for egg 7.15 - 15.93 d, 1 st instar nymph 4.00 - 11.03 d, 2nd instar 3.83 - 7.53 d, 3rd instar 4.09 -8.64 d and 4th instar 7.56 -14.03 d）, but the whitefly failed to survive at 14℃. The temperature higher or lower than 28℃ , however, displayed negative effects on the population increase of the whitely. The adults are normally active at dawn and dusk, especially at calm, uncloudy dawn （7：00 am） or in the cloudy morning （9：00 am）, but mostly inactive in rainy day.

关 键 词：螺旋粉虱 生物学特性 形态 发育历期 发育起点温度 有效积温 生命表 

分 类 号：Q968.1[生物学—昆虫学]