水菖蒲活性物质β-细辛醚对四纹豆象行为、死亡率和繁殖的影响  

Effects of β-asarone derived from Acorus calamus on behavior, mortality and reproduction of Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius) (Coleoptera:Bruchidae)

作　　者：姚英娟[1,2] 蔡万伦[1] 杨长举[1] 张宏宇[1] 华红霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学城市有害生物防治研究所,武汉430070 [2]江西省农业科学院植物保护研究所,南昌330200

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2009年第3期339-344,共6页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：国家农业公益性行业科研专项(200803003)

摘　　要：在室内条件下研究了水菖蒲Acorus calamus活性物质β-细辛醚对四纹豆象Callosobruchus maculates成虫行为、产卵和繁殖的影响。结果表明:经过β-细辛醚接触处理后的四纹豆象成虫行为主要表现为兴奋→失去平衡→击倒→死亡,接触药剂64h后,试虫成虫全部死亡。β-细辛醚处理可显著的降低四纹豆象成虫的交配次数,随着处理时间的延长,成虫的交配次数减少,且处理雄虫比处理雌虫对交配竞争能力的影响更大。处理雌虫与未处理雄虫配对后以及处理雄虫与未处理雌虫配对后,雌虫的产卵数均极显著低于对照,且随着处理时间的延长,雌虫的产卵数显著减少,但两种配对处理之间雌虫的产卵数无显著差异。处理雌虫与未处理雄虫配对后以及处理雄虫与未处理雌虫配对后,雌虫产卵的孵化率均显著低于对照处理,但不同处理时间后卵的孵化率无显著差异;两种配对处理所产卵的孵化率无显著差异。据此得出结论:水菖蒲根茎提取物β-细辛醚为神经毒剂,可以减少四纹豆象的种群数量,具有开发为储粮害虫四纹豆象防治剂的潜力。The behavior, mortality and reproduction of Callosobruchus maculates in response to β-asarone derived from Acorus calamus were studied in the laboratory. The results showed that the contact toxicity symptoms included restlessness, loss of coordination, knockdown and eventual death of adult beetles. β- asarone caused 100% mortality of C. maculates at 64 h post treatment. Significantly lower mating number was observed in C. maculates treated with β-asarone than in the untreated beetles, and the mating number reduced with the exposure time. Significant lower mating competition was observed in C. maculates males than in females in response to β-asarone. The numbers of eggs laid by the female were all significantly lower in both the treatment of the treated female mating with the untreated male and the treatment of the treated male mating with the untreated female than that of the control, which was also decreased with the exposure time, but no difference was observed between the two treatments. The egg hatching rates of the laid eggs were also all significantly lower in both the treatments than that of the control, which was not decreased with the longer exposure to β-asarone, and there was also no difference in egg hatching rate between the two treatments. So it is concluded that β-asarone extracted from A. calamus is a nerve agent, which can reduce the population size of the progeny of C. maculates, and thus can be exploited as potential insecticide against C. maculates.

关 键 词：Β-细辛醚 四纹豆象 行为 死亡率 产卵 孵化率 

分 类 号：Q965.9[生物学—昆虫学]