不同供氮水平对玉米体内干物质和氮动态积累与分配的影响  

Effects of different N application rates on the dynamic accumulation and distribution of assimilate and N content in maize

作　　者：张家铜[1] 彭正萍[1] 李婷 袁硕[1] 王艳群[1] 薛世川[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院,河北保定071001 [2]邯郸市农业广播电视学校,河北邯郸056001

出　　处：《河北农业大学学报》2009年第2期1-5,共5页Journal of Hebei Agricultural University

基　　金：国家粮食丰产工程(2006BAD02A08);国家重点基础研究发展973计划(2007CB109302);河北省自然基金(C2007000525)

摘　　要：为给宁晋地区玉米高产高效、合理地施用氮肥提供科学依据,在高磷土壤上研究了不同供氮水平对玉米体内干物质、氮动态积累和分配、根系发育及产量构成的影响。结果表明:与不施肥相比,施氮肥增加了整株玉米及籽粒中干物质和氮的积累,整株玉米干重与出苗天数呈显著二次相关。根、茎、叶、穗轴的干物质和氮积累均有先增加后降低的趋势,最大值多数出现在出苗后58 d。同一取样时期,不同处理玉米体内干物质和氮积累随施氮量增加而增加,当施氮240 kg/hm2时最大,随后降低;施肥量与产量之间呈明显的二次关系,当施肥量为254.32 kg/hm2时,最高产量为11 118.18 kg/hm2,在该处理下玉米的根系发育较好、玉米穗长、行粒数、单株粒重显著增加,秃尖长度显著减少。To get higher yield and make better use of nitrogenous fertilizer in Ningjin, dynamic accumulation and distribution of dry matter and N, development of roots and constitutes of yield of maize were studied with different N application rates in the field with most of P. The results showed the dry weight and N in whole plant and seed increased with the treatment of N fertilizer application than CK. There were significantly conic relations between dry weight and days after seeding among all treatments. Dry weight and N in roots, stalk, leaves and ear axis increased at the beginning, then decreased, and the peak value was at 58 d after seeding. At the same sampling time, dry weight and N in different organs and the final yield of maize increased with N fertilizer amount, and the highest treatment was 240 kg/hm^2. There were significantly conic relations between fertilizer amount and yield. When the N fertilizer application was 254.32 kg/hm^2 , the highest yield of maize was at 11 118.18 kg/hm^2. It showed that N fertilizer application improved the development of ro- ots, significantly enhanced the ear length, seed number per line and seed weight per plant, but decreased the length of ear tip.

关 键 词：玉米 不同供氮水平 干物质 氮动态 积累与分配 

分 类 号：S513.01[农业科学—作物学]