基于核酸适体的电化学生物传感器  

Aptamer-Based Electrochemical Biosensors

作　　者：雷丽红[1,2] 傅迎春[1] 徐霞红[1] 谢青季[1] 姚守拙[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学化学化工学院化学生物学及中药分析教育部重点实验室,长沙410081 [2]湖南师范大学医学院,长沙410081

出　　处：《化学进展》2009年第4期724-731,共8页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.20675029;90713018;20335020);教育部基金(教人司[2000]26;教技司[2000]65);湖南省科技计划项目(No.2007FJ4147);湖南省教育厅(No.04C383;05A036);电分析化学国家重点实验室项目资助

摘　　要：核酸适体是一类体外筛选且可与目标分子高效、高特异亲合的RNA或DNA寡核苷酸片段,与常规识别分子(如抗体等)相比,核酸适体作为一类新型识别分子具有明显特色和优势,已被广泛应用于生物传感等分子识别和应用研究领域。本文就基于核酸适体的电化学生物传感器(标记型和非标记型)的近期进展作简要评述,包括适体简介、标记型("信号衰减"型、"信号增强"型、酶标记型和纳米粒子标记型)和非标记型电化学适体生物传感器等内容。The aptamers are DNA or RNA oligonucleotides selected in vitro that can bind their targets with high affinity and high specificity. As a kind of new and special recognition molecules, the aptamers present notable advantages over conventional recognition molecules, such as antibody, thus they have received great attention and been widely utilized in various fields involving molecular recognition and relevant applications, especially in biosensing. In this review, we briefly summarize the recent progress of aptamer-based electrochemical biosensors, involving introduction of aptamer and ＂signal-on＂ type, ＂signal-off＂ type, enzyme-labeled, nanoparticle-labeled and nonlabeled aptamer-based electrochemical biosensors.

关 键 词：核酸适体 电化学生物传感器 识别分子 

分 类 号：O657.1[理学—分析化学] Q52[理学—化学]