基于风剪切和塔影效应的大型风力机载荷分析与功率控制  

Load analysis and power control of large wind turbine based on wind shear and tower shadow

作　　者：孔屹刚[1,2,3] 顾浩[1] 王杰[3] 王志新[3] 徐大林[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏自动化研究所,连云港222006 [2]太原科技大学机械电子工程学院,太原030024 [3]上海交通大学电子信息与电气工程学院,上海200240

出　　处：《东南大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第S1期228-233,共6页Journal of Southeast University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：江苏省科技成果转化专项资金资助项目(BA2008072);江苏省科技支撑资金资助项目(BE2009092);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(20100470692);国家自然科学基金资助项目(60674035)

摘　　要：为了捕获最大风能和改善风力机工作性能,通过深入分析三桨叶上风向水平轴风力机的风剪切和塔影效应,得到整个风轮扫掠面上的风速动态模型.然后,分析了空气动力数据、桨叶翼型参数、轮毂高度、轮毂风速、风剪切系数、叶片半径、塔架半径、悬垂距离等参数对计算模型的影响.以一台额定功率为2MW的风力机为例,分别在考虑风剪切、塔影效应和不考虑风剪切、塔影效应的2种情况下,对其摆振载荷和挥舞载荷进行了计算和对比分析.结果表明,随着风力机容量的增大,风力机整体尺寸相应变大,风剪切和塔影效应对风力机载荷和功率的影响也变得不容忽视.因此,相比统一变桨控制技术,独立变桨控制技术更具有应用前景.To capture the maximal energy and improve the performance of a wind turbine,a wind speed dynamics model of the whole rotor disk area is presented by analysing the wind shear and the tower shadow of a three-bladed upwind horizontal axis wind turbine. The effects of the parameters, such as the aerodynamic data,the blade geometry parameter,the hub height,the wind speed of the hub,the coefficient of the wind shear,the blade radius,the tower radius and the overhang distance, on the performance are analyzed. Then,the lead-lag load and the flapping load of a wind turbine with the rated power of 2 MW are calculated and analyzed under two conditions: with and without consideration of the wind shear and the tower shadow. The results show that with the increase in the capacity of the wind turbine,its size becomes larger,and thus the influences of the wind shear and the tower shadow on the load and power cannot be ignored. Therefore,the individual pitch technology has greater attractive application than the collective pitch technology.

关 键 词：风剪切 塔影效应 载荷 功率控制 

分 类 号：TK83[动力工程及工程热物理—流体机械及工程]