水稻粳型亲籼光温敏不育系509S的选育及其杂种优势  

Breeding of an Indica-compatible Japonica Photoperiod-sensitive Genic Male Sterile Line in Rice and Its Heterosis

作　　者：赵志刚[1] 陈亮明[1] 江玲[1] 万建民[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学水稻研究所/作物遗传与种质创新国家重点实验室,江苏南京210095 [2]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《杂交水稻》2010年第S1期256-263,共8页Hybrid Rice

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划项目(2009AAA101101);江苏省科技支撑计划项目(BE2009301-3,BE2008354)

摘　　要：水稻籼粳亚种间杂种不育的主要原因在于育性位点上等位基因互作,因此,在籼粳交主要的育性位点上的片段置换,及把籼粳片段相互置换克服生殖障碍进行育种成为可能。本研究将籼稻轮回422S的光温敏不育基因以及籼稻249黄的黄叶形态标记通过回交方法导入到粳稻镇稻88中,同时在S5、S7、S8和S9育性位点上,分别利用4个与育性位点紧密连锁的分子标记RM276、RM455、RM141和RM185进行分子标记辅助选择,最终成功选育出粳稻光温敏不育系509S。该不育系株叶形态表现为粳稻特征,与大量籼稻品种杂交结实率正常,与粳稻杂交结实率反而偏低。选用分布于水稻12条染色体上的SSR标记对509S的遗传背景进行鉴定,实验结果表明不育系509S遗传背景92%为粳稻遗传背景。不育系509S在4个置换的育性位点都为籼稻片段,正是这些籼稻片段的置换使不育系509S与籼稻杂交可育,而与粳稻杂交表现低育,且在不育系与籼稻配制的杂交组合中表现强大的籼粳交杂种优势。该实验结果为籼粳交杂种优势的育种实践利用提供了一条新的可行途径。The incomplete fertility of japonica x indica rice hybrids has inhibited breeders' access to the substantial level of heterotic potential of these hybrids.As hybrid sterility is caused by an allelic interaction at a small number of loci,it is possible to overcome it by simple introgression at the major sterility loci.Here we report the use of marker-assisted backcrossing to transfer into the elite japonica variety.Zhendao 88 a photoperiod-and thermo-sensitive male sterility gene from Lunhui 422S(indica) and the yellow leaf gene from the line Yellow 249(indica).The microsatellite markers RM276,RM455,RM141 and RM185 were used to tag the fertility genes S5,S8,S7 and S9,respectively.Line 509S is a true-breeding photoperiod-and thermo-sensitive genic male sterile(PTGMS) line,which morphologically closely resembles the japonica-type.Genotypic analysis showed that the genome of 509S had about 92% japonica DNA.Nevertheless,hybrids between 509S and japonica varieties sufferred from a level of hybrid sterility,although the line is highly cross-compatible with indica types,with the resulting hybrids expressing a significant degree of heterosis.Besides,the results suggested that segment substitution on fertility loci based on known information and marker-assisted selection was an effective approach to utilizing the heterosis of rice inter-subspecies.

关 键 词：水稻 光温敏不育 粳型亲籼系 509S 亚种间杂种优势 分子标记辅助选择 育种 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]