猪圈及其周边社区环境大肠埃希菌气溶胶产生及其传播  

ERIC-PCR Identification of the Formation and Spreading of Escherichia coliAerosols in Pig Houses

作　　者：袁文[1] 柴同杰[1] 周玉法[2] 苗增民[1] 张红双[1] 秦梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学动物科技与动物医学院,山东泰安271018 [2]泰安市岱岳区畜牧局,山东泰安271000

出　　处：《动物医学进展》2010年第S1期27-31,共5页Progress In Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：中国国际合作项目"动物疫源性人畜共患病病原体气溶胶的监测"[2009DFA32890]

摘　　要：目的是以大肠埃希菌为指示菌研究猪舍环境中微生物气溶胶产生及向其舍外环境的传播。采用Andersen-6级空气微生物样品收集器和RCS-离心式采样器分别在4个猪场舍内、舍外不同距离收集大肠埃希菌气溶胶,计算每个采样点大肠埃希菌的浓度;同时,采集猪的粪便,分离大肠埃希菌。利用ERIC-PCR技术,扩增其DNA条带,形成聚类图谱。通过每一个采样点大肠埃希菌遗传相似性分析及其浓度变化的比较,确认动物舍微生物气溶胶向舍外环境的传播模式。结果表明,4个猪场舍内空气中大肠埃希菌的浓度远远高于舍外大肠埃希菌浓度(P<0.05)。52.4%粪便大肠埃希菌与舍内空气中的大肠埃希菌相似性可达90%以上;从猪场舍外下风方向分离到的多数大肠埃希菌(55%)与舍内空气或粪便中分离的大肠埃希菌相似性可达90%以上。说明源于猪舍的微生物气溶胶能够传播到舍外环境或居民社区,具有流行病学及公共卫生意义。In order to have a full understanding of the formation of microbial aerosols in pig houses and of their spreading to surroundings,with Escherichia coli(E.coli) as the indicator bacterium.we collected the E.coli aerosols from 4 pig houses and their surroundings at different points,and calculated the concentration of E.coli at each sampling point.At the same time,we collected the feces of pigs to separate E.coli.By the application of ERIC-PCR technology,we aimed to establish a cluster spectrum by widening the DNA band of E.coli isolates collected from different sampling points.By analyzing the genetic similarity of E.coli isolates and comparing the concentration change of E.coli,we attempted to make clear how microbial aerosols are formed in pig houses and spread to the surroundings.The results showed that concentrations of airborne E.coli in the 4 pig houses were much higher than those measured outdoor(P<0.05).The ERIC-PCR results also showed that 52.4% of the fecal E.coli were identical to the indoor airborneE.coli isolates,and there was more than 90% similarity between the majority of E.coli(55%) isolated from downwind air and those from indoor air or feces.The aerosols formed in a pig house can spread to the surroundings and to residential areas,and thus this study is of epidemiological and public health significance.

关 键 词：猪舍环境 大肠埃希菌气溶胶 ERIC-PCR 遗传相似性 流行病学及公共卫生意义 

分 类 号：S858.28[农业科学—临床兽医学]