客家土楼的屋盖表面风压分布规律研究  

Study on wind pressure on roof of Hakka Earth Buildings

作　　者：彭兴黔[1] 徐刚[1] 刘春艳[1] 高志飞[1] 杨蓉[1] 

机构地区：[1]华侨大学土木工程学院,福建泉州362021

出　　处：《建筑结构学报》2010年第S2期193-196,共4页Journal of Building Structures

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金项目(2009J01255);厦门市科技计划高校创新项目(3502Z20083039);风工程与桥梁工程湖南省重点实验室开放基金项目(2009-01)

摘　　要：客家土楼结构形式多样,因地处东南沿海地区,最近几年受强台风破坏严重。为研究其屋盖受台风破坏机理,本文基于著名的Reynolds时均N-S方程,湍流模型采用由k-ω湍流模型改进的SSTk-ω模型,建立有代表性的单体圆楼振福楼和方楼奎聚楼的数值风洞模型。根据对其屋盖挑檐风压分布和周围风流场的研究,表明其受风特性类似于敞开型的大跨悬挑结构,气流在屋盖前缘产生的漩涡作用是影响风荷载特性的主要因素,悬挑度过大,极易导致屋盖上下表面形成"上吸下顶"的叠加效应;同时木结构与夯土墙之间采用柔性连接,在台风作用下发生整体风致破坏。Hakka Earth Buildings are rich in structural styles.Because they are located along the southeast coastal area,in recent years many severe damages are induced by typhoons.To study the roof failure mechanism,this article constitutes two typical numerical wind tunnel models: circular earth buildings named 'Zhen-fu buildings' and square earth buildings called 'Kui-ju buildings',using SST k-ω turbulence model(modified k-ω model) based on the famous Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes equations.According to the study of roof pressure distribution and wind field around the building,it shows that its wind characteristics are similar to a open-type large-span cantilevered structure.Airflow brings a vortex effect at the front edge of the roof,which is the primary factor to wind load characteristics.When cantilever length is too large,it is very prone to result in a superposition effect over and under the roof,which is called 'updraft and underdraught'.At the same time,as flexible connections are used between wood structures and rammed earth walls,typhoon destroys the whole roof easily.

关 键 词：客家土楼 风压系数 建筑风场 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TU312.1[建筑科学—结构工程]