轻型木结构房屋的结构特点与改进  

Structural characteristics and improvement of light wood-frame houses

作　　者：谢启芳[1,2] 吕西林[1] 熊海贝[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学土木工程防灾国家重点实验室,上海200092 [2]西安建筑科技大学土木工程学院,陕西西安710055

出　　处：《建筑结构学报》2010年第S2期350-354,共5页Journal of Building Structures

基　　金：国际科技合作项目(2008DFA71990);陕西省教育厅自然专项基金项目(09JK548)

摘　　要：轻型木结构房屋是指用由间距较密的规格材和覆面材料用钉子连接组成结构构件的一种木结构房屋体系。轻型木结构房屋因其建筑综合能耗低、建筑材料环境亲和力强、抗震性能好等突出优点在北美、加拿大等国家广泛应用,几乎所有的低层住宅都是轻型木结构房屋。而我国在轻型木结构房屋方面的研究和应用刚刚起步。介绍了轻型木结构房屋的结构形式、构造特征及施工方法,分析了轻型木结构房屋的优点和结构特点。根据已有的研究资料和房屋的破坏特征探讨了该结构体系的不足之处:薄弱的钉连接、墙骨柱强度未发挥。提出了一种新型木结构墙体,木骨架中的竖向墙骨与横向墙骨、顶梁、底梁采用榫卯连接,面板与木骨架采用钉连接,该墙体受剪承载力较高、耗能性能好及施工更为简便。分析了轻型木结构中国化特别是中国村镇化的发展趋势。Light wood-frame house is a structural system composed of dimension lumbers and structural-use panels connected with nails.It is used extensively in North America based on its merits.The majority of the residential buildings are light wood-frame houses in those countries,but the study and application of light wood-frame in China are only at beginning stage.The structural styles,tectonic characteristics and construction methods of light wood-frame houses are introduced in this paper,the merits and structural characteristics of the light wood-frame houses are analyzed.The shortcomings such as weak nail connection and insufficient use of wood frame columns are analyzed based on references and failure models.A new kind of wood-frame walls is suggested,in which the frame members are connected with tenon-and-mortise,while the nail connections are used between the wood frames and panels.The shear strength and dissipative performance of the new walls are better than the former light wood-frame wall,and easier for construction.The development trend of this structures in China is discussed,especially for application in rural area.

关 键 词：轻型木结构房屋 结构特点 改进措施 

分 类 号：TU366.2[建筑科学—结构工程]