东北典型冷、暖夏年的北太平洋地区海-气系统季节演变合成分析  

Summer Low/High Temperature in Northeast China During Typical Years and Its Association with the Air-Sea System in North Pacific

作　　者：李尚锋[1,2,3] 沈柏竹 廉毅[2,3] 曹玲 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学地球探测科学与技术学院,长春130026 [2]吉林省气象科学研究所,长春130062 [3]中高纬度环流系统与东亚季风研究开放实验室,长春130062 [4]吉林省气象影视制作中心,长春130062

出　　处：《吉林大学学报（地球科学版）》2010年第S1期127-132,共6页Journal of Jilin University：Earth Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(40705036,40575047);公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201006020);国家科技支撑计划(2007BAC29B01,2009BAC51B04)

摘　　要：选取长春站为东北地区的典型代表站,使用该测站百年气温资料,在典型个例合成分析的基础上,讨论了我国东北典型冷、暖夏500 hPa位势高度距平场和海温距平场从前冬到夏季的特征及其演变。主要结果表明:(1)东北冷夏年前冬NPO为很明显的负位相,暖夏年前冬NPO位相并不明显。前冬、春季和夏季的500hPa位势高度场同长春测站夏季平均气温的显著相关区(显著性水平α≥0.05)呈半球尺度纬向分布。前冬,高相关区域主要集中在中高纬地区,有两条带状正相关区域:一条主要控制中南半岛北部、印度半岛以及阿拉伯半岛、红海一直到英格兰三岛一带的区域;另一条控制从墨西哥湾经夏威夷群岛到太平洋关岛一带的区域。这两条带状高相关区域,经春季到夏季逐渐向北收缩,但大都位于60°N以南的区域。(2)从前冬到夏季,东北冷夏年西风漂流区的海温距平由正值逐渐变成负值,暖夏年该区域海温从前冬到夏季是一个正距平逐渐加强的过程;在赤道中东太平洋区域,冷夏年从春季到夏季该区域对应的El Nino位相显著加强,而暖夏年该区域对应的La Nina位相,从春季到夏季却是一个显著减弱的过程。By using the one-hundred year observed temperature data of Changchun station and employing the method of composite analyzing,this paper reveals the relationship between the 500hPa abnormal circulation and prophase changes in the air-sea system from previous winter to summer.Some results were found as follows: the negative phase of North Pacific Oscillation(NPO) in the previous winter of summer low temperature years in Northeast China was obvious,this phenomenon hardly occurred in summer high temperature years.The range of correlation coefficient,between 500hPa geopotential height in previous winter/spring/summer and summer temperature of Changchun station,that exceed the 95% confidence levels,contract from previous winter to the next spring and summer.In previous winter,the high correlationship regions almost all distributed in mid-high latitude regions.There were two belts which means high correlationship value regions.One belt dominated the area from north of Indo-China Peninsula,India Peninsula,Arabia and Red Sea to England.The other belt predominated the regions from Mexico bay,Hawaiian islands to Guam.In all the three seasons,the high correlationship regions all showed a character of zonal distribution.In addition,North of 60 N,there was hardly a place where the correlation coefficient can exceed the 95% confidence levels,in all of the three seasons that fore-mentioned.The phase of sea surface temperature(SST) anomaly over west wind drift area in North Pacific in summer low temperature years changes from positvie to negative from prvious winter to next summer,which was opposite to summer high temperature years.In the equatorial central estern Pacific,under the background of summer low temperature years,the pahse of El Nino was obviously enhanced from spring to summer,on the contrary,in summer high temperature years,the pahse of La NIna was notably declined from spring to summer.

关 键 词：东北冷夏 NPO 西风漂流区 

分 类 号：P732.1[天文地球—海洋科学]