核爆炸载荷下孔穴结构防护性能的试验研究  

Test study on cavity structure's defense effect against nuclear explosion loadings

作　　者：高光发[1,2] 李永池[1] 姚磊[1] 庞有超[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学,安徽合肥230027 [2]安徽理工大学,安徽淮南232001 [3]解放军总参工程兵科研三所,河南洛阳471023

出　　处：《土木工程学报》2010年第S1期490-494,共5页China Civil Engineering Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50802092);国家人防科研"十一五"计划项目

摘　　要：为了在有限厚度条件下提高分配层的防护效果,采用含孔穴的新型结构作为人防工程中的分配层。利用平面装药爆炸模拟核爆炸的加载技术,对4种分配层结构抗核爆炸载荷的防护效果进行相似模拟野外化爆试验。结果表明:同样厚度下,孔穴的存在使得后方的应力峰值被明显削弱,而且圆形孔穴对应力峰值的削弱程度要明显强于矩形孔穴;但在孔穴上方加入钢板层后,孔穴对其后方应力的削弱效果显著减弱,系嵌含钢板后冲击波的透射系数增大所导致。研究结果为抗爆防震工程中智能防护层的科学设计提供一定的理论依据。For improving the defense effect under the conditions of limited thickness,an advanced structure containing cavities was adopted in distribution layer.A series of large-scale similarity-simulation tests were conducted on the defense effect of the four structures.The results indicate that the stress peaks are distinctly decayed behind the cavities,and the defense effect of circular-section cavity is more effective than rectangle-section cavity.But because the transmission coefficient of shock waves of the structure increases,the defense effect was observably weakened when a steel plate was laid above the cavities.This work provides an important basis for designing the scientifically safe distribution layer.

关 键 词：爆炸力学 抗爆设计 防护层 核爆炸 应力波 孔穴 

分 类 号：O383.1[理学—流体力学]