适应机械化收获的田间油菜植株特性研究  

Plant characteristic research on field rape based on mechanized harvesting adaptability

作　　者：罗海峰[1] 汤楚宙[1] 官春云[2] 吴明亮[1] 谢方平[1] 周毅[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学工学院,长沙410128 [2]湖南农业大学油料作物研究所,长沙410128

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2010年第S1期61-66,共6页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：农业部科技跨越计划"中国南方冬油菜机械化栽培研究"(农财发[2004]43号);湖南省科技厅项目"稻板田油菜免耕联合直播机械与技术体系示范与推广(2004NK4117);湖南省科技厅重大专项"油菜生产主要环节机械准备研制与示范"(2009FJ1006-2)

摘　　要：油菜机械化收获过程出现的高损失率制约了油菜生产的发展,单纯从农机方面进行研究难以解决。该文从农机农艺相结合出发,对田间油菜植株特性进行测试研究。测试大田植株整体表现特性及不同密度下植株茎秆物理特性的田间表现,并在不同成熟度和催熟剂喷施情形下对油菜角果拉断力进行测试,获得了田间植株特性基础数据。结果表明适宜的种植密度有利于机械化收获作业,催熟剂的喷施对机收作业性能影响不大。研究获得了直播油菜的田间植株表现特征,同时为油菜机收配套农艺要求提供理论研究基础和参考依据。The high loss rate in the rape mechanized harvesting process has restricted the rape production development, and it is difficult to be solved only from the farm machinery aspect. The plant material characteristic research based on mechanized harvesting adaptability for the direct seeding rape was done in this paper, which combined the machinery with agronomy. The whole performance characteristics of plant in field with different density were tested. At the same time the rape silicle abruption strength was tested under the situation of different maturity and the ripener spraying,and the essential date of the plant characteristic in field was obtained. The results showed that the moderate planting density was advantageous to the mechanized harvest work, and the ripener spraying had little influence on the mechanized harvest work. The plant performance characteristic of the direct seeding rape was obtained, which also afford the fundamental research foundation and the reference for the necessary agronomy of the rape mechanized harvesting.

关 键 词：机械化 收获 研究 油菜 植株特性 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]