碳气凝胶的纳米结构控制及其在锂离子电池中的应用(英文)  

Nanostructure Control of Carbon Aerogels and Their Application in Lithium Ion Cells

作　　者：沈军[1] 关大勇[1] 韩伟娜[1] 宓轶捷[1] 吴广明[1] 周斌[1] 张志华[1] 倪星元[1] 牛锡贤 汪国庆 汪培庆 汪庆锋 

机构地区：[1]同济大学上海市特殊人工微结构材料与技术重点实验室,上海200092 [2]中星电动车科技有限公司,上海200433 [3]上海暄洋化工材料科技有限公司,上海200235

出　　处：《稀有金属材料与工程》2010年第S2期81-85,共5页Rare Metal Materials and Engineering

基　　金：National Natural Science Foundation of China (50752001);Chinese National Foundation of High Technology (2007AA804137, 2008AA8041606);Shanghai Committee of Science and Technology (0652nm044, 07JC14052);Program for Young Excellent Talents in Tongji University (2006KJ052);Shanghai Educational Development Foundation (2007CG26);Shanghai Key Lab Program (07DZ22302)

摘　　要：以间苯二酚和甲醛为前驱体,通过溶胶凝胶法制备有机气凝胶,通过高温裂解制备得到碳气凝胶。由于其高的比表面积,低的电阻率,空间网络结构以及化学惰性,碳气凝胶被认为是可充电电池的理想电极材料。研究了碳气凝胶的制备和结构控制,通过SEM,BET,XRD等手段测试其显微结构性质和结构控制。BET测试结果表明有机气凝胶炭化以后,比表面积显著增加,碳气凝胶具有518～621m2/g的较高比表面积。碳电极分别由碳气凝胶、石墨、碳气凝胶和石墨的混合物与黏结剂组成,以锂片为对电极制成纽扣电池。电化学测试结果显示其具有很高的首次放电容量(958.6mAh/g),但是可逆容量只有总容量的30%到40%。并且混合电极的性能优于其他纯电极。Carbon aerogels are derived via a sol-gel process with resorcinol and formaldehyde (RF) as precursor and by subsequent pyrolysis of the precursor aerogels. Due to their high surface area, electrically conducting network and chemical inertness, carbon aerogels can be considered as ideal electrodes in rechargeable batteries. In this paper the optimization of the preparation and structure controlling of carbon aerogels were studied. The influence of preparation conditions on the microstructural properties of carbon aerogels was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, nitrogen adsorption and X-ray diffraction measurements. The BET surface areas of the carbon aerogels are from 518 to 621 m2/g. Carbon electrodes were prepared using carbon aerogels powders and graphite powders and the mixed powders and binder, respectively. With different electrodes as the anode and with lithium metal foil as the cathode, cells were made. Electrochemical measurements of the lithium intercalation properties for carbon aerogels were performed under high-purity argon in a glove box. The model cells show that the capacity for the first cycle and the rechargeable capacity are all very high. The initial charge capacity is 958.6 mAh/g. But the ratios of the rechargeable capacity to the total capacity (first cycle) are 30% to 40%. And mixed anode reveals better properties than others.

关 键 词：碳气凝胶 可充电电池 碳电极 锂插入特性 

分 类 号：TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]