海上油田开发对海洋环境的影响--以涠洲油田为例  

Influence of oil-field exploitation on marine environment:a case study of Wei-zhou oil-field

作　　者：何桂芳[1] 袁国明[1] 林端[1] 蔡伟叙[1] 雷方辉 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局南海环境监测中心,广东广州510300 [2]中海石油研究中心,北京100027

出　　处：《海洋环境科学》2009年第2期198-201,共4页Marine Environmental Science

基　　金：国家海洋局近岸生态重点实验室开放基金(200510)

摘　　要：油田开发给人们带来重要能源和化工原料的同时,不可避免地会产生各种污染物,特别是海上石油的开发,由于其开发难度及事故风险较大,且环境管理与治理困难,往往更容易造成环境的污染。本文以涠洲油田为例,通过对油田的产污行为及其对油田周围环境的影响评价,揭示油田对水质、沉积物及生物的不利影响。结果显示由于生产水、泥浆钻屑、生活污水、落地原油等大量的排海,造成涠洲油田部分水质已出现石油类等轻微超标,沉积物在平台周边已有较明显的石油累积现象出现,底栖生物出现贝类和鱼类Pb超标,尤以贝类为甚。The energy sources can be got in oil-field exploitation, but at the same time bring the pollutant which can disadvantage the gas, water, soil（sediment） and biology. The off-shore wells are great graveness because they are more difficulty in management of environment and control of accidents. The primary pollution intensity and emission in Wei-zhou oil-field is analyzed and the pollution effects on sea water, sediment and biology were discussed in this paper. Because of the production-water discharged and the drilling mud and drilling cuttings dumped, it results that the water was lightly polluted by oil and oil in the surface sediments round the wells was enriched and the benthic seashells were seriously polluted by Pb.

关 键 词：油田开发 海洋环境 污染影响 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程]