儿童立体视发育研究  

Development of stereopsis among children

作　　者：夏爽[1] 李晓清[1] 孙冰 田桂芬[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学第一医院小儿眼科,100034 [2]北京市西城区妇幼保健所,100034

出　　处：《中华眼科杂志》2009年第4期323-327,共5页Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology

摘　　要：目的研究30—50个月正常儿童立体视发育情况。方法前瞻性研究。对152名30—50个月的儿童进行视力、眼位及立体视的检查。其中立体视检查采用Titmus、RPS、TNO3种方法进行。对不同年龄组儿童的立体视功能进行比较，探索立体视在此年龄段的发育状况。结果119人完成检查且视力≥0．6，年龄为32～50个月；12人完成检查但视力〈0．6，年龄为34～49个月；有21人因为不合作未完成检查，年龄为30～49个月。不合作儿童的平均年龄低于能够合作完成检查的儿童（P〈0．01）。视力≥0．6的119人中，达到Titmus60”、Titmus100”和RPS60”的百分比与年龄间存在正相关。将这119人按年龄以每5个月为一组分为4组，46～50个月组达到Titmus60”、Titmus100”和RPS60”的人数百分比高于前3组（P〈0．05）。119名儿童中有89．9％的儿童达到Titmus100”，94．1％的儿童达到RPS200”，95．0％的儿童达到TNO240”。结论30—50个月儿童的立体视功能仍处于发育过程中。此年龄段儿童中大约90％能够达到Titmus100”、RPS200”和TNO240”的立体视锐度。RPS不包含单眼线索，且提供了匹配图形，适宜在小儿眼科临床中应用。Objective To study the development of stereopsis in children from 30 to 50 months of age. Methods It was a prospective study. We examined the visual acuity and stereopsis of 152 normal children from 30 to 50 months of age. The stereopsis was examined with Titmus, RPS and TNO. Results In 152 children, a complete examination was performed in 119 children had visual acuity of ≥0. 6; 12 children had visual acuity of 〈 0. 6; 21 children could not complete the examination. The mean age of these 21 children was significantly lower than the others. Using Titmus 60”, Titmus 100”and RPS 60” as the normal criteria, the normal ratio of near stereopsis acuity in the 119 children was correlated to the age by X2 test. They were divided into four groups by 5 month-age groups. The normal ratio in the 46 to 50 month group was significantly greater than that in the other three groups. The normal ratios was 89. 9%, 94. 1% and 95.0% for the criteria of Titmus 100＂, RPS 200＂ and TNO 240＂, respectively. Conclusions The stereopsis in children from 30 to 50 months of age is still in developing status. We suggest using 100＂ for Titmus, 200＂ for RPS and 240＂ for TNO as normal stereopsis creteria in 3 to 4 year old children. RPS provides a reliable procedure for the measurement of stereopsis acuity in preschool children.

关 键 词：深度知觉 儿童 学龄前 立体视发育 

分 类 号：R686[医药卫生—骨科学]