从滇黔桂“金三角”区域地层地球化学演化特征探讨卡林型金矿的物质来源  

The sources of ore-forming substance of Carlin-type gold deposit:A discussion based on the characteristics of regional stratigraphic geochemical evolution in "Gold-Triangle" area of Yunnan,Guizhou,Guangxi Provinces

作　　者：周余国[1,2] 刘继顺[1] 王作华[3] 欧阳玉飞[1] 高启芝 刘德利[1] 黄元有 

机构地区：[1]中南大学地学与环境工程学院,湖南长沙410083 [2]云南省地矿局地球物理地球化学勘查队,云南昆明652100 [3]吉林省地矿局区调所,吉林长春130022 [4]云南省地矿局地调院物化探所,云南昆明652100

出　　处：《地学前缘》2009年第2期199-208,共10页Earth Science Frontiers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40072032)

摘　　要：选用滇黔桂地区东经103°～110°,北纬22°～26°,面积约20万km2,34幅1∶20万水系沉积物统计结果资料,全面系统地探讨本区及其邻近区域地层地球化学特征及其与成矿的关系。结果表明:(1)与华南地区相比,本区存在Sb、As、Au、Hg等低温元素矿集区的地球化学块体,金具有深源性,而砷、锑、汞则是区域性的高背景,本区金与砷、锑、汞的相伴,既有必然性,又有偶然性;(2)与基性岩浆活动有关的亲基性场元素、氧化物、矿化剂高背景的形成,是本区右江裂谷带、富宁—关岭南北向断裂带、文山—富宁逆冲推覆构造带,特别是峨眉地幔柱所产生的基性岩浆喷溢及火山碎屑浊流沉积的客观地球化学反映;(3)黔西南地区二叠纪峨眉山玄武岩喷发导致二叠系和三叠系金及大量亲基性场元素的突变,右江裂谷活动至少始于寒武纪,随着时间的推移,由桂西往黔西南逐渐裂开;(4)滇黔桂"金三角"地区卡林型金矿的物源与裂谷、特提斯和区域性深大断裂和峨眉地幔柱长期活动相伴的基性火成岩及火山碎屑浊流沉积有关。This study selected the Yunnan-Guizhou-Guangxi Region （E103°-110°, N 22°-26°） , an area of about 200,000 km^2, as the study object to discuss the relationship between the regional stratigraphic geochemical characteristics and the metallogeny based on the stream sedimentary data from 34 map sheets （1：200,000 scale）. We come to the following conclusions： （1） Compared with Southern China, there are geochemical blocks of arsenic, antimony, gold, mercury and other low-temperature elements in this area, with deep derived gold, and high background value of arsenic, antimony and mercury. The concomitance of gold with arsenic, antimony and mercury is both inevitable and fortuitous. （2） The formation of the high background level of siderophile elements, oxides and mineralizer which are related to basic magmatic activities is the geochemical reflection of the extravasation accompanying the formation of the Youjiang rift valley, the Funing-Guanling north-south strike fault zone, the Wenshan-Funing trust nappe structure and especially the E＇mei mantle plume, arising from the magmatic eruption and turhidite volcaniclastic sedimentary geochemistry. （3） The eruption of Permian E＇meishan basalt in Southwest Guizhou resulted in the abrupt change of gold and a large number of siderophile elements in Permian and Triassic deposits. The Youjiang rift valley began its activity at least in the Cambrian, from West Guangxi to Southwest Guizhou as time gone by. （4） The source substance of Carlin-type gold in ＂Golden Triangle＂ of Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi Area was related to the rift valley, Tethys and regional deep fault and the deposit of basic igneous rocks and pyroclastic turbidite accompanying the activity of the E＇mei mantle plume.

关 键 词：地层地球化学 演化 物质来源 滇黔桂“金三角” 卡林型金矿 

分 类 号：P596[天文地球—地球化学]