大庆地区草地退化驱动机制分析  

Driving force mechanism of grassland degradation in Daqing Region,northeastern China.

作　　者：臧淑英[1] 那晓东[2] 李雁[3] 冯仲科[4] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨师范大学地理系 [2]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 [3]哈尔滨学院地理系 [4]北京林业大学测绘与3S技术中心

出　　处：《北京林业大学学报》2007年第S2期216-221,共6页Journal of Beijing Forestry University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40271044);黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(ZTF2005-32)

摘　　要：为探讨资源型城市大庆市草地退化驱动机制,找出驱动草地退化的主导因素,为科学保护现有草地资源和有效治理退化草地提供依据和参考.该文在定性描述大庆地区草地退化驱动因素的基础上,运用主成分分析和多元线性回归的方法,选取与草地退化密切相关并比较容易获取的数据作为变量,对大庆地区草地退化的主要影响因素进行了定量分析.根据对草地退化的影响程度,影响因子排序为:畜牧业产值>人口密度>油井个数>总人口>大牲畜存栏>人均居住面积>GDP>工业产值>盐碱、沙化.并且根据大庆地区1988—2001年不同退化程度草地的面积与驱动因子建立多元线性回归模型,对不同退化程度草地面积变化的驱动机制进行了分析.结果表明,不合理的人类活动与石油开采加工的工业化进程占用大量草场是大庆地区草地退化的主要驱动因素,决定着草地生态系统逆向演替的总体趋势.最后根据以上分析提出大庆地区草地退化的防治措施.This paper aims to discuss the driving force mechanism of grassland degradation in the resource city of Daqing,northeastern China,and discover the leading factors actuating the grassland degradation,so as to provide the foundation and the reference for protecting the existing grassland resources scientifically and governing the degenerated grassland effectively.The research used the principal component analysis and the multiple linear regression analysis,which was a kind of quantitative analysis, to choose the dominant factors affecting the grassland degeneration in Daqing Area.It selected the data which were closely correlated to the grassland degeneration and also relatively easy to be acquired.Based on the effective degree on the grassland degradation,the rank of the grassland degradation effective factors is: output value of animal husbandry>population density>number of oil well>population>number of poultry>per capita area of habitat>gross domestic product>gross output value of industry>the area of saline-alkali.Multiple linear regression analysis models were established based on the area of different degradation degree grassland and the factors of driving forces.The driving forces of different degradation degree grassland area were analyzed.Results indicate that the unreasonable human activity and the industrialization advancement of petroleum mining processing occupying the massive grassland are the main actuating factors causing grassland degeneration in Daqing Area.Finally,according to the analysis,the authors proposed the measures to prevent and control the degeneration of grassland in Daqing Area.

关 键 词：草地退化 驱动力 主成分分析 多元线性回归分析 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]