安全疏散评估在超市防火设计中的应用  

Application of performance-based fire protection design on safety evacuation assessment in supermarket

作　　者：李庆功[1,2] 刘子萌[3] 谢飞[1,2] 宋文华[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]天津工业大学消防与安全工程研究所,天津300160 [2]天津市消防总队,天津300090 [3]天津理工大学环境科学与安全工程学院,天津300384

出　　处：《消防科学与技术》2009年第3期173-177,共5页Fire Science and Technology

摘　　要：阐述了影响安全疏散的因素与火灾危险情况来临时间确定的原则和方法,利用FDS火灾模拟软件建立了超市人员安全疏散的评估方法,并运用该方法对某超市进行安全疏散评估。通过FDS场模拟计算得出超市火灾情况下不同场景的模拟计算结果(图),据此得出火灾危险到来的时刻ter为842 s;并与通过Togawa经验公式计算得出的人员疏散到安全地点所需时间进行比较,得出在火场的危险情况来临前,人员能够全部撤离到达安全区域;从而确定超市建筑的消防安全性,并为进一步开展公共聚集场所人群疏散的安全性评估提供了参考和依据。Introduces the criterion of the safety evacuation, factors affected on safety evacuation, calculating method of fire hazard falling time. Making use of fire simulation software FDS, the safety evacuation assessment method of supermarket is established, which is applied to evaluate the safety evacuation of one supermarket. Through the calculation of field modeling FDS, we can get the simulation results （pictures） of different fire scenario and confirm the fire hazard falling time is 842s. Then the fire hazard falling time is compared with the people safety evacuation time which is calculated through Togawa experience formula to ensure the fire safety of supermarket architecture, which provides the basis and comparison for the research of people safety evacuation assessment of public place.

关 键 词：超市 安全疏散 性能化设计 FDS 火灾模拟 

分 类 号：X913.4[环境科学与工程—安全科学] TU247.2[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]