新疆盐碱地种植耐盐小麦土壤盐分的变化  

Studies on Soil Salinity Change by Planting Salt-tolerant Wheat in Saline Ground in Xinjiang

作　　者：罗廷彬[1] 李彦[1] 任崴[1] 苏风春[2] 王宝军[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,乌鲁木齐830011 [2]新疆生产建设兵团222团,新疆阜康830015

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2004年第S2期107-113,共7页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目课题"新疆山地 -绿洲 -荒漠物质平衡及其对生态空间格局的影响"成果之一 ;课题编号kzcx3 -sw -3 2 6

摘　　要：新疆干旱区有大量盐碱地 ,很大程度上限制农业的可持续发展。盐碱的利用改良和水资源的高效利用的研究 ,面临巨大的挑战。盐碱地上种植耐盐小麦既有生产效益 ,又有改良土壤盐渍化作用。在传统灌溉管理下 ,当土壤原始盐分 2 .0 %时 ,在壤质土壤上种植耐盐小麦 1— 2年 0— 40cm土层盐分可降到 0 .8%。在粘壤土、壤土土质的土壤中 ,种植耐盐小麦 5年时 ,0— 1 0 0cm土层盐分可降到 0 .5 % ;种植 7年后 ,0— 1 0 0cm土层盐分降到 0 .2 %左右 ,且在以后种植条件下 ,土壤盐分趋于平衡状态 ,变化很小。种植耐盐小麦引起的盐分变化 ,灌溉水为主要作用 ,以至经多年种植 ,土壤表现为脱盐碱化现象。There is large area of saline, alkaline ground which impacts seriously on the sustainable development of agriculture in Xinjiang. The use and meliorating of saline-alkaline ground, utilizing high efficiency of water resource are faced with great challenge. The planting salt-tolerantwheat in saline-alkaline ground has the yield benefit and can improve the soil. The salinity was decreased to 0.8% since planting salt-tolerant wheat for 2 years at salinity 2.0% of sand loamy in 0-40cm depth by traditional irrigation. When the salt-tolerant wheat was been planted for 7years, the salinity was decreased to about 0.2% in 0-100cm depth. The soil salinity changed little when planting period was longer than 7 years. The excessive irrigation water resultedin the change of the soil salinity.

关 键 词：盐碱地 耐盐小麦 土壤盐分 

分 类 号：S156[农业科学—土壤学]