内蒙古沙尘暴的成因、趋势及其预报  

Studies on Dust storms in Inner Mongolia

作　　者：高涛[1] 徐永福[1] 于晓 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大气物理研究所大气边界层物理和大气化学国家重点实验室 [2]内蒙古计算机应用研究院,呼和浩特010010

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2004年第S1期220-230,共11页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：中国科学院大气物理研究所大气边界层物理和大气化学国家重点实验室;LAPC开放课题(LAPC-KF-2004-10);中科院"引进国外杰出人才"计划"全球环境变化"项目资助

摘　　要：本文利用内蒙古1961～2001年的天气气候资料,对内蒙古中西部地区沙尘暴作了统计分析,阐述了沙尘暴的危害并给出了沙尘暴的基本定义。分析了引起沙尘暴的天气和气候因子的变化趋势,研究了他们对沙尘暴的影响,结果表明近40年内蒙古的沙尘暴总体呈减少趋势,但从1998年开始有所增加;沙尘暴的空间分布以阿拉善盟偏北地区为最高发区;降水、气温、大风、寒潮、北半球极涡、西太平洋副热带高压、亚洲西风环流、东亚大槽和南方涛动等天气和气候因素均对该地区沙尘暴的发生有不同程度的影响。The meteorological data of 1961-2000 have been used to statistically analyses the dust storms happened in Inner Mongolia during the last 4 decades. We give a definition of dust storms and describe its damage. Moreover, the features of weather and climatic causes are studied, and then, try to find their effects on dust storms. The result shows that the trend of dust storm frequency was dropping down during the period of last 40 years, but it begins to increase up since 1998; The northern part of the west League Alxe is the most frequent hit region of Inner Mongolia on spatial distribution; Precipitation, temperature, gale, cold wave, the polar vortex of North Hemisphere, the subtropical high of the West Pacific Ocean, westerlies, the deep trough of East Asia and the Southern Oscillation, all of them affect dust storms in different degrees.

关 键 词：沙尘暴 时空分布 天气要素 气候因子 

分 类 号：P445.4[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]