过期妊娠与新生儿窒息及围生儿死亡  

The associateion of postterm pregnancy with neonatal asphyxia and death of perinatal period

作　　者：陈雪琼[1] 林秀琳[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建医科大学附属第二医院妇产科,泉州362000

出　　处：《中国生育健康杂志》2009年第1期12-14,共3页Chinese Journal of Reproductive Health

摘　　要：目的探讨过期妊娠与新生儿窒息及围生儿死亡的关系。方法回顾性分析比较343例过期妊娠孕妇与343例同期足月妊娠孕妇的临床资料,分析孕周、羊水量、胎盘成熟度、分娩方式、产程等与新生儿窒息及围生儿死亡的关系。结果过期妊娠组胎儿窘迫、新生儿窒息及围生儿死亡与足月妊娠组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);过期妊娠随孕周的增加、羊水量减少、产程异常新生儿窒息的发生率明显增加;过期妊娠分娩方式中人工助产新生儿窒息率最高(51.9%),自然分娩较低(13.3%),剖宫产最低(9.9%);产程异常者新生儿窒息率(38.2%)及围生儿死亡率(6.7%)均明显增加。结论过期妊娠可导致胎儿慢性缺氧及营养不良,加强产前监护,及时了解胎儿宫内安危,适时终止妊娠,可降低新生儿窒息和围生儿死亡率。Objective To investigate relation of postterm pregnancy with neonatal asphyxia and the perinatal death. Methods 343 cases of postterm pregnant women were compared with 343 cases of term pregnant woman to analyze the association between the risk of neonatal asphyxia and perinatal death with gestational weeks, amniotie fluid, placenta maturity degree, delivery waymode, stage of labor, ect. Results The rates of fetal distress, neonatal asphyxia and perinatal death were significantly different between postterm pregnancy group and control group （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. For the postterm pregnancies, the rates of neonatal asphyxia and perinatal death increased obviously with the gestational weeks increasing, amniotie fluid decrea- sing, abnormal stage of labor. Neonatal asphyxia rate was highest （51.9 % ） for artificial delivery in postterm pregnaneg, lower （ 13.3 % ） for natural delivery, and lowest for C-section （9. 9 % ） ; The neonatal asphyxia rate （38.2 % ） and perinatal death rate （6. 7 % ） markedly increased for posttem pregnancies with abnormal stage. Conclusion The placental function may be impaired in postterm pregnancy and may lead to chronic oxygen deficiency and nutrition deficiency of fetus. More attention to monitoring the fetal status before delivery and around the stage of labor, ending derivery at the right moment may reduce the risks of neonatal asphyxia and perinatal deaths.

关 键 词：过期妊娠 新生儿窒息 围生儿死亡 

分 类 号：R714.2[医药卫生—妇产科学] R714.7[医药卫生—临床医学]