水稻超高产育种的理论与实践  

Theories and Practices of Rice Breeding for Super High Yield

作　　者：陈温福[1] 徐正进[1] 张龙步[1] 张文忠[1] 杨守仁[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学稻作研究室,沈阳110161

出　　处：《中国农业科技导报》1999年第1期21-25,共5页Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(39870523);辽宁省优秀青年人才基金(963004)资助项目

摘　　要：对国内外水稻超高产育种研究历史、现状和发展趋势进行了综合分析与评述,认为水稻单产水平已经历了由矮化育种和杂种优势利用带来的两次大的飞跃.进一步高产,难度将越来越大.第三次单产水平的飞跃将产生于以理想株型与优势利用相结合为导向的超高产育种.实践证明,利用籼粳稻亚种间杂交或地理远缘杂交创造株型变异和强优势,再通过优化性状组配将二者结合起来,是选育新株型超高产品种或杂交稻行之有效的途径.本文还简要介绍了北方粳稻超高产育种研究的进展情况.Abstract The history, the present status and the trends of rice breeding for super high yield are summarized systematically and discussed comprehensively in this paper. The authors hold that dwarf breeding resulted in the first breakthrough in grain yield. The second breakthrough was made by means of hybrid rice, in which F1 heterosis was used successfully. The third breakthrough in the future would come from breeding for super high yield, and the methodology would be the combination of ideal plant type with the utilization of physio-logical vigor. Great advances have been made in breeding japonica rice for super high yield during the last decade. Practice has proved that creating new plant type and strong vigor via crossing indica with japonica or crossing geographically distant varieties, then interating the two through optimized combination of favorable characters are the effective ways for developing super rice.

关 键 词：水稻 超高产育种 株型 

分 类 号：S511.03[农业科学—作物学]