四川玉米育种进展和超高产育种探讨  

Progrees in Sichuan Maize Breeding and Exploration of Super High Yield Breeding

作　　者：黄宜祥[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省农科院作物所

出　　处：《西南农业学报》1998年第S2期47-53,共7页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：四川省“六五”启动的玉米育种攻关，到“七五”末已取得了较大进展，１９９１—１９９７年育成的２５个杂交种，较１９９０年前育成的１１个杂交种的遗传增益大。在此基础上提出的超高产育种，应符合四川玉米产区生态育种目标多样性、广泛性。加强种质改良基础研究，筛选、创造遗传基础广、配合力高、优良基因传递力强的核心种质，突破现有玉米种质杂交模式。选育抗病、耐旱、保绿性好、株型适合，能充分利用散射光，稳定增密增穗，提高穗粒数、千粒重、出籽率和容重的超高产新杂交种。Sichuan maize breeding program which initiated in the 6th five year plan made obvious progress up to the end of the 7th five year plan.During the the duration of 1991-1997,25 hybrids were bred.These hybrids had higher genetic gain when comparing with 11 hybrids developed before 1990.On the basis of these achievements, a concept of super high yield breeding was put forward.The bred hybrids should adapt for the ecological diversity of Sichuan maize productive areas.It is necessary to enhance the fundamental research in improving maize germplasm and to screen and breed elite germplasm with wide genetic background, high combining ability and high transmission ability of elite genes.We should change the present maize cross model and breed new hybrids with super high yield potential,which should be characterized by resistance to diseases,drought tolerance,longer green persistent duration,ideal plant type,full utilization of scattered light,Suitable for high density plantation,and higher kernels/ear,1000 kernel weight,kernel rate and volume weight.

关 键 词：玉米 育种进展 超高产育种 四川 

分 类 号：S513.03[农业科学—作物学]