重穗型亚亚种间杂交稻K17A/N45的干物质生产特性  

Performance of Dry Matter Production of Heary Ear Semi subspecies Hybrid K17A/N45 in Rice

作　　者：谢戎[1] 何光华[1] 杨正林[1] 左永树[1] 李道荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省农科院水稻高粱研究所

出　　处：《西南农业学报》1998年第S2期91-98,共8页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：四川省农科院"八五"院列课题

摘　　要：在大田生产条件下，比较了重穗型亚亚种组合Ｋ１７Ａ／Ｎ４５与汕优６３产量及干物质生产特性的差异。结果表明，两个组合生育期相当，Ｋ１７Ａ／Ｎ４５产量为８．３ｔ／ｈａ，比汕优６３增产９．２％；在最高分蘖期和成熟期，茎叶干物质积累量明显高于汕优６３；抽穗期，叶鞘干物质积累量明显低于汕优６３。两组合抽穗期贮藏物质对产量的贡献分别为２８．３％和３９．４％，Ｋ１７Ａ／Ｎ４５属后期干物质积累型，汕优６３抽穗前后的干物质积累对产量的贡献同等重要。Ｋ１７Ａ／Ｎ４５的高产机理：在大穗基础上较高的结实率和千粒重是高产的主要原因；生物产量高，特别是抽穗后干物质积累量高是高产的物质基础；抽穗后功能叶衰减慢，群体光合势、群体生长率及净同化率是高产的生理基础；抽穗期粒叶比高、比叶重及群体上中层叶面积是抽穗后群体光合生产力的根本保证。还对重穗型超高产育种进行了讨论。Differences of yield and dry matter accumulation between hybrid rice K17A/N45 and Shanyou 63 were studied in field Experimental results showed that they were well matched in growth period The yield of K17A/N45 was 8 3t/ha,9 2% higher than that of shanyou 63 The dry matter accumulations of stems and leaves in K17A/N45 during ceilling stems stage and harvest stage were higher than that in Shanyou 63 But the sheathes during heading stage was just opposed to Shanyou 63 The contribution of dry matter accumulated from heading to harvest stage in K17A/N45 to yield was higher It was important to accumulate dry matter during pre heading and post heading stages for Shanyou 63 in increasing yield The main cause of high yield in K17A/N45 was due to maintain higher seed set rate and 1000 grain weight on the basis of large panicle K17A/N45 had higher physiological index including DMA,LAD,CGR,NAR,SLW and LAI from heading to harvest stage The heavy panicle type super high yield breeding was also discussed in this paper

关 键 词：杂交稻 籼粳亚种 干物质 产量 重穗型 

分 类 号：S511.1[农业科学—作物学]