川棉109多质源育种的实践  

Breeding of Cotton Variety Chuanmian 109 by Using Multi germplasm

作　　者：王朝生[1] 柴友荣[1] 董顺文[1] 付一中[1] 陈素彬[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省农科院棉花研究所

出　　处：《西南农业学报》1998年第S2期239-245,共7页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：采用远缘杂交结合回交、多性状综合鉴定和长世代定向选择育成的川棉１０９不仅抗蚜、抗枯萎病、抗立枯病、耐黄萎病、耐旱、耐瘠和抗倒，还克服了陆地棉传统育种中密茸毛与纤维品质的负相关，使丰产、稳产、优质、多抗等优良性状有效结合。川棉１０９已累计推广３０万公顷以上，它启示，棉花育种首先应制定复合育种目标，充分利用遗传变异的多样性，建立宽广的质源范围；其次，育种选择应以多种优良性状的综合鉴定为基础，坚持定向选择，实现多抗性取代单抗性；再次，以胁迫和非胁迫双重条件下的品比结果作为最终评价标准，保证产量、品质与多抗性等多种育种目标的真正统一。y adopting distant hybridyzation,backcrossing,comprehensive multiple character identification and long term directive selection,Chuanmian 109,a new cotton cultivar with poly resistance (tolerance) to aphid, Fussrium wilt ,Sore shin, Verticillium wilt ,drought,barrenness and lodging, was bred.It overcome the negative correlation between fibre quality and dense hair in traditional upland cotton breeding,thus this cultivar combined high yield and yield stability with high quality and poly resistance effectively.As a successful example of multigermplasm breeding routeline,Chuanmian 109 has been expanded over 300,000 ha.with 0 702 billion yuan of economic benefits.It enlightens that,first,advanced cotton breeding should work out comprehensive breeding goals,and utilize biological diversity of genotype to broaden sources of breeding germplasm.Second,based on commprehensive multiple character identification,directive selection should be used to breed poly resistance instead of single resistance.And the third,line (and variety) comparison results under both stressed and non stressed conditions should be considered as final standard to ensure the organic combination of yield,quality and poly resistance.

关 键 词：棉花 育种 多质源 

分 类 号：S562.03[农业科学—作物学]