花椒大孢子发生和雌配子体发育及退化  

Megasporogenesis, Female Gametophyte Dvelopment and Degeneration in Xanthoxylum (Rutaceae)

作　　者：蔡雪[1] 母锡金[1] 关雪莲[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院植物研究所 [2]北京农学院农学系

出　　处：《应用基础与工程科学学报》1998年第3期51-56,共6页Journal of Basic Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金;中科院生物科学与技术研究特别基金

摘　　要：花椒（ＸａｎｔｈｏｘｙｌｕｍＢｕｎｇｅａｎｕｍＭａｘｉｍ）胚珠倒生，厚珠心，双珠被．表皮下分化多个孢原，其中一个孢原发育产生大孢子母细胞．大孢子母细胞经过减数分裂产生线状大孢子四分体，合点端的大孢子具功能．胚囊发育属蓼型．成熟胚囊仅含卵器和二极核，卵器最终退化．退化现象普遍，在大孢子发生及胚囊发育的各个时期均可发生．The megasporogenesis and megagametophyte development of obligate apomictic Xanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim are investigated with light microscopy. The results are as follows: The ovule is anatropous, bitegimic and crassinucellare. 1 to 3 archeasporial cells appear(s) below the nucellar epiderm, one of which develops into one megaspore mother cell. Cytokinesis in the megaspore mother cell accompanies meiosis and the chalazal megaspore of a linear tetrad develops into a Polygonium type embryo sac. Mature embryo sac contains egg apparatus and two polar nuclei. The egg apparatus degenerates finally. The degeneration is a universal phenominon and occurs in every stages of megasporogenesis and megasgamatopyte development.

关 键 词：花椒 大孢子发生 雌配子体发育 退化 

分 类 号：Q944.46[生物学—植物学]