广东省1692例麻风病人的眼病调查  

Survey of Ocular Diseases among 1692 Cases of Leprosy in Guangdong Province

作　　者：陆炳新[1] 张峨 陈维雄[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国麻风中心

出　　处：《中国麻风皮肤病杂志》1990年第1期7-11,共5页China Journal of Leprosy and Skin Diseases

摘　　要：作者对广东17个县麻风院中的1692例现症和治愈病人进行了10个方面75项眼科检查,发现眼病患病率为90.9％,患者平均53岁,多为老残患者,无性别差异,但致盲和低视力者却女明显多于男,可能与女性寿命长有关;治愈者多于现症病人;麻风病程愈长,眼患病率愈高,致盲和低视力率也愈高,但在麻风反应期或眼病早期及早诊治可保持正常视功能,说明麻风致盲可以预防。麻风性眼病以眼前部占绝大多数,致盲和低视力者以少菌型为多,这与少菌型易发生暴露性眼炎及其后遗症有关;多菌型发生虹睫炎者不多,但白内障的患病率却明显高于群体中的患病率,可能与麻风菌产生多巴(致障物质)、虹睫炎及晶体营养差有关。广东麻风院中约有6000例眼病,600多盲人,近1000人低视力。全国4万余住院病人,院外者过30万,有眼疾者更多,应有计划地分期训练麻风医生並发动眼科界共同做好麻风眼病的防治。The examination of 75 ocular items i 1692 hospitalized leprosy patients, the majority has been cured, shows that the incidence rate of ocular diseases is is 90.9% without sexual difference and blindness rate is 8.8%.The mean age of these patients is 53 Years, and most of them are affected with various disabilities. Blindness and reduced vision are more in women and in cured patients than in men and in active cases. It is obvious that the longer the duration of leprsoy, the higher the incidence rates of leprous ocular diseases and blindness will be. Treatment as early as possible during lepra reaction and in initiative stage of ocular diseasec will maintain normal vision indicating that leprosy-causcd blindness is preventable. Most of ocular diseases in leprosy are in the anterior section of the eye and blindness and lower vision occur mostly in paucibacillary patients, because they are apt to be affected with exposure ophthalmic and its sequelae. In multibacillary patients iridocyclitis is less seen, but cataract more. The authors reguard ocular diseases and blindness in leprosy as so severe that it is necessary to train leprosy control workers and to mobilize ophthalmologists for actively controlling them in a planning way.

关 键 词：麻风病人 多菌型 麻风院 低视力 麻风菌 现症病人 视功能 眼科检查 眼炎 裂隙灯检查 

分 类 号：R75[医药卫生—皮肤病学与性病学]