显微激光分析仪及其在高分子中的应用  

A Laser-Optical Microscopic Analyzer with Unique Advantages

作　　者：张武[1] 罗建[1] 季铁正[1] 蓝立文[1] 林德宽[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学

出　　处：《西北工业大学学报》1989年第2期215-222,共8页Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University

基　　金：航空科学基金资助

摘　　要：介绍一种主要用于高分子材料双折射测定的新型仪器。仪器还兼具显微吸光度,小角激光光散射测定及偏光显微分析等多种功能。应用实验表明,该仪器能够解决现有其它手段不能解决的若干问题。本文综述仪器在下述方面的应用:环氧树脂固化后微孔(直径0.5mm)边缘的内应力分布测定;玻璃纤维和玻璃鳞片两种复合材料防腐衬里的内应力评价;互穿聚合物网络相分离过程的表征,以及在一般纤维复合材料光弹性研究中及非晶态固体高聚物光散射研究中所发现的新现象。Transparent photoelasticity is by now the only way in which the stress or strain within materials can be determined without damage.However,this method has been largely limited to few materials which should be very high in transparency and stress-optical sensitivity. This paper reported a special photoelastic apparatus,named Laser Optical Microscopic Analyser(LOMA).It has the following advantages. First,materials which are of transparency as low as 0.5% and are opaque to necked eye can be measured.While transparency of samples tested by ge- neral photoclastic method must usually be more than 20%.Therefore,the LOMA has enlarged the application range of photoelasticity to such an extent that many nonmetallic materials,polymers for example,can be tested directly. Secondly,the LOMA has a measuring accuracy of λ/6000,much higher than that achieved by Senarment Compensator,which is only λ/2000.And by birefringent measurement,the LOMA can tell the difference in states of stress or strain between two points within a distance of 50μ on a sample. While the distinguishability of a general photoelastic apparatus is only about 1 mm. Having above unique advantages,the LOMA has been used in inner stress investigation of Kevlar reinfoced epoxy/rubber composites.Some interesting phenomina have been observed in the experiment.

关 键 词：双折射 内应力 光弹性方法 复合材料 激光 

分 类 号：T-55[一般工业技术]