我国水牛地方品种线粒体D-loop区遗传变异与起源分化  

Genetic Variation of D-loop Region and Origin of Chinese Domestic Buffalo Breeds

作　　者：张桂香[1] 王志刚[1] 樊睿[2] 郑友民[1] 刘丑生[1] 韩旭[1] 昝林森[2] 齐国强[2] 

机构地区：[1]全国畜牧总站,北京100125 [2]西北农林科技大学动物科技学院,杨凌712100

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2009年第4期107-111,共5页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：农业部中国地方牛品种遗传距离测定项目(农财发[2002]9号)

摘　　要：测定了我国24个地方水牛品种和2个引进水牛品种共311个个体的线粒体DNA D-Loop区序列。结果表明我国水牛遗传多样性非常丰富,共检测到256个突变位点,132种单倍型,单倍型多样度Hd为0.9288。构建的NJ系统树表明中国水牛都属于沼泽型,并且主要为2个母系起源,分别命名为SA支系和SB支系,所研究的每个地方水牛群体中2个支系都存在。SB支系中还存在两个分化也比较明显的小分支,称为SBI和SBII。所有单倍型中,H2单倍型出现频率最高,且只在24个地方品种中存在,说明H2单倍型是我国地方水牛特有的标志单倍型,也是一种古老的单倍型。中国水牛应是在本土独立驯化的。The complete D-loop region of mitochondrial DNA from 311 individuals of 24 Chinese indigenous buffaloe breeds and 2 introduced ones was sequenced. The genetic diversity of the mtDNA D-loop sequences was rich and 132 haplotypes with 256 polymorphic sites were revealed from 301 individuals in the 24 Chinese buffalo breeds. The haplotype diversity （Hd） was 0. 9288. Accordinged to the NJ phylogenetic tree, 24 buffalo breeds all belonged to the swamp buffalo type, mainly from 2 maternal origins named SA subdivision and SB subdivision. These two subdivisions were existed in all the local buffalo populations. Furthermore, SB subdivision had 2 obviously small subdivisions called SBI and SBII. The H2 haplotype had the highest frequency in all the haplotypes and existed in 24 local breeds, indicating that the variation originated from Chinese breeds was an ancient haplotype. Thus it proved that the Chinese buffalo should be domesticated in China.

关 键 词：地方水牛D—loop区 遗传 变异 起源分化 

分 类 号：Q953[生物学—动物学] S823[农业科学—畜牧学]