人工感染鸭瘟的病理学研究  

Studies on pathohistology and supermicropathology of duck plague infected Exper imentally

作　　者：彭广能[1] 郭万柱[1] 程安春[1] 汪铭书[1] 陈孝跃[1] 钟妮娜[1] 汪开毓[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学动物医学院,四川雅安625014

出　　处：《中国兽医学报》2009年第4期445-450,共6页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science

基　　金：国家科技攻关重大项目(2004BA901A03)

摘　　要：用从自然病例中分离鉴定的鸭瘟病毒-乐山株（DPV-LS株）人工感染四川麻鸭，成功复制出鸭瘟（DP），并对其病理组织学和宿主细胞超微结构变化及病毒的形态结构进行观察。试验组鸭出现高热、神萎、不食、腹泻，剖解见食道、小肠、泄殖腔及各实质器官出血；组织学变化表现为各脏器出血、组织细胞变性、坏死，血管内皮受损，纤维素样坏死。超微病理学变化：肝细胞、网状细胞、上皮细胞、心肌细胞等的胞浆内粗面内质网严重扩张、核糖体脱落、空泡化，线粒体肿胀、嵴紊乱或断裂甚至形成空洞；胞核染色质浓集于核的周围，核形不整、核膜扩张或消失，核仁消失。同时在心、肝、脾、食道、泄殖腔、小肠的细胞内观察到了处于不同发育阶段的病毒粒子，成熟病毒粒子具有疱疹病毒的典型形态结构，呈球形或近似球形，直径150-200nm，位于核膜间隙及胞浆内。Sichuan sheldrake ducks infected experimentally by DPV-LS strain, one of the duck plague virus （DPV） isolated and identified from natural cases, were successfully induced duck plague which pathohistological changes were observed and the ducks＇ cells supermicrostructure and viral characteristics were investigated. The pathohistological changes included hemorrhage,degeneration and necrosis in most organs,angeial endothelium injury and fibrinoid necrosis in vessel wall, parenchymatous coagulation necrosis in spleen, severely vacuolar degeneration and necrolysis in liver, myofibrosis and inflammatory cells infiltration in heart, tissue congestion, hemorrhage and mueosa epithelium engorgement and falled away in lung, parenchymatous oedema, stromatolysis, neuron degeneration in brain, degeneration,engorgement and local necrosis in pancreas,mueosal epithelium and smooth muscle fibers de- generation and necrosis in esophagus, mucosa epithelium degeneration, necrosis and disintegration, membrana propria inflammatory cells infiltration, smooth muscle fibers degeneration and necrosis in bowel. Supermicropathological changes showed that rough endoplasmic retieulum dilated heavily,mitochondria swelled,cristie onfused, broke, even formed cavity,cytoplasm vacuolated,a few ribosome dropped, karyotin clumped or collected around karyon, karyo morphism irregulated, karyotheea expanded or disappeared, nucleolus disappeared in hepatocyte, reticulocyte, eardio- cyte and epieyte. The virons, observed in cells of heart, liver, spleen, oesophagus, cloacal swabs, small intestine, were in different growth stages. The matural virons, which looked like sphere or oval,diametered in 150-200 nm,located in karyotheca clear or hyalotome,had typically morphological and structural feature of herpes virus.

关 键 词：鸭瘟 病理组织学 超微结构 病毒形态 

分 类 号：S852.65[农业科学—基础兽医学] S852.3[农业科学—兽医学]