水力负荷对生物滤池中蚯蚓抗氧化酶和消化酶活性的影响  

Effect of Hydraulic Loading on Antioxidant Enzyme and Digestive Enzyme Activities of Earthworm in Biofilter

作　　者：杨健[1] 赵丽敏[1] 陈巧燕[2] 邓德汉[1] 易当皓[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学环境科学与工程学院,上海200092 [2]上海市南汇区申港街道办事处,上海201313

出　　处：《环境科学》2009年第4期1029-1035,共7页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划世博科技专项(2007BAK27B05)

摘　　要：通过工况试验考察了不同水力负荷条件对生物滤池中蚯蚓的抗氧化酶（超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶）和消化酶（纤维素酶、碱性磷酸酶）活性的影响.结果表明,蚯蚓体内抗氧化酶和消化酶活性对水力负荷胁迫的响应不同.在2.4-6.7m^3.（m^2.d）^-1的水力负荷条件下,蚯蚓体内的超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性随水力负荷的增大而增强,蚯蚓通过自身抗氧化系统的协调作用来抵御外界环境胁迫,在各工况条件下均能生存.蚯蚓体内消化酶活性和其消化能力、滤池污泥减量和稳定化效果具有很好的相关性（p〈0.05）.水力负荷为4.8 m^3.（m^2.d）^-1时,蚯蚓具有较高的碱性磷酸酶（AKP）和纤维素酶（FP）活性,消化率（41.47%）显著高于其他工况,污泥减量率、污泥有机质分解率均达到最高值,分别为48.2%、65.5%.高水力负荷[≥6.0 m^3.（m^2.d）^-1]对蚯蚓体内AKP、FP活性抑制较显著,污泥的代谢水平受到影响,污泥减量率和有机质分解率均有一定程度下降,不利于蚯蚓生态功效的发挥.综合蚯蚓抗氧化酶及消化酶的响应结果,蚯蚓生物滤池运行水力负荷不宜超过6.0 m^3.（m^2.d）^-1.Through different working condition experiments, effect of hydraulic loading on antioxidant enzyme （superoxide dismutase, catalase） and digestive enzyme （cellulose, alkaline phosphatase） activities of earthworm in biofilter were studied. The results indicated that antioxidant enzyme and digestive enzyme activities of earthworms responded to hydraulic loading stresses differently. SOD and CAT activities of earthworms increased with the increase of hydraulic loading in the scale of 2.4-6.7 m^3·（m^2· d）^- 1 , earthworms resisted external environmental stress by coordination function of antioxidation system, so they could survive in different conditions. In addition, digestive enzyme activity, digest ability, sludge reduction and stabilization effect showed excellent correlation （p 〈 0.05 ）. When the hydraulic loading was 4.8 m^3· （m^2· d）^ -1 , earthworm biofilter showed a high level of AKP, FP and digest rate（41.47% ）, which was notably better than that of other conditions, sludge and organic matter reduction rate came to the maximum, 48.2% and 65.5% respectively. However, higher level of hydraulic loading [ ≥6.0 m^3 · （m^2· d） ^-1 ] restrained AKP and FP activity markedly and metabolism level was affected, sludge reduction rate had certain decadence, so it was unfavorable for earthworm biofiher to bring the ecological function into play. At last it is recommended that the hydraulic loading of earthworm biofilter should not exceed 6.0 m^3 · （m^2· d）^-1.

关 键 词：蚯蚓生物滤池 水力负荷 抗氧化酶 消化酶 

分 类 号：X505[环境科学与工程—环境工程]