不同蛋白质来源对早期断奶犊牛胃肠道形态发育的影响(二)  

Effects of Different Protein Sources on Gastrointestinal Characteristics in Early-weaning Calves ( Ⅱ )

作　　者：李辉[1] 刁其玉[1] 张乃锋[1] 屠焰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院饲料研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2009年第2期186-191,共6页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家科技攻关计划子课题;奶牛营养调控及高效饲养技术研究;课题任务书编号:2006BAD04A03-03

摘　　要：本文研究代乳品中不同蛋白质来源对早期断奶犊牛胃肠道形态结构发育的影响。选取15头2-8周龄的新生荷斯坦犊牛随机分为3组,分别饲喂乳蛋白和植物性蛋白比例分别为80:20、50:50及20:80的代乳品,记为S20、S50、S80组。结果表明:蛋白质来源影响犊牛胃肠道器官与犊牛体重的比值,其中瘤网胃相对比重随日粮植物性蛋白含量升高而上升,皱胃则与之相反,但差异均不显著(P>0.05);肝脏、胰脏的相对比重随植物性蛋白含量升高而降低。日粮植物性蛋白含量增加可促进犊牛瘤网胃的发育,通过切片观察发现S80组犊牛瘤胃乳头高度较高、呈舌状或圆筒状、上皮颜色较深,该组犊牛瘤胃功能发育较好。不同蛋白质来源影响犊牛肠道的绒毛形态,但不显著影响肠道绒毛高度与隐窝深度的比值(P>0.05),小肠各段的比值均在3.0-4.7之间。上述结果表明,利用植物性蛋白代乳品饲喂早期断奶犊牛可以一定程度上刺激瘤胃发育,并未对肠道绒毛造成严重影响。This experiment was to study the effects of different dietary protein sources on gastrointestinal development in early-weaning calves. Fifteen neonatal healthy Holstein calves from 2-8 weeks of age were randomly allotted to three treatments and were fed milk replacers, of which the ratios of protein from milk and plant were 80 ： 20, 50 ： 50 and 20 ： 80, and were labeled as S20, S50 and $80, respectively. The results showed that protein sources of milk replacers affected the ratio of gastrointestinal tract to body weight in early-weaning calves, and rumen-reticulum proportion was increased （P〉0.05） while abomasum （P〉0.05）, liver and pancreas proportions were decreased （P〈0.05） with the increase of plant protein. The increase of plant protein improved the development of rumen-reticulum in which the rumen papilla height was higher, the shape of which showed ligule or cylinder and the color of epithelium in treatment S80 was deeper than that in other treatments, indicating that plant protein might improve digestive function of rumen in early-weaned calves. Dietary protein sources affected villous morphological but did not affect the ratio of villous height to crypt depth （P〉0.05）, which was between 3.0-4.7 in small intestine. It was concluded that the rumen development was improved to some extent and there was not negative effects on intestinal villous by feeding plant protein diet.

关 键 词：犊牛 蛋白质 代乳品 胃肠道形态发育 

分 类 号：S963.812.5[农业科学—水产养殖] S823.5[农业科学—水产科学]