浙江省山区狂犬病新宿主动物调查  

New animal hosts of rabies virus in mountain areas in Zhejiang province

作　　者：雷永良[1] 王晓光[1] 李浩[2] 陈秀英[1] 叶碧峰[1] 柳付明[1] 兰进权[1] 叶夏良[1] 梅建华[1] 唐青[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省丽水市疾病预防控制中心,323000 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心病毒病预防控制所

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》2009年第4期344-347,共4页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

基　　金：基金项目：国家“863”高技术研究发展计划（SQ2006AA02Z112882）;国家自然科学基金（30630049）;感谢杭州市淳安县疾病预防控制中心在鼬獾标本的采集处理方面给予的支持.

摘　　要：目的了解浙江省狂犬病疫区野生宿主动物种类及感染状况。方法采集浙江省丽水市和杭州市淳安县猫、鼬獾、黑线姬鼠、跳麂、野猪脑组织标本共160份，分别取大脑、中脑、小脑和海马回部位组织，用直接免疫荧光试验（DFA）检测狂犬病病毒特异性抗原和RT-PCR方法检测狂犬病病毒特异性核酸，确定阳性标本。结果脑组织抗原印片经特异性抗狂犬病病毒核蛋白（NP）单克隆抗体免疫荧光染色后在荧光显微镜下可见大量的苹果绿荧光颗粒；狂犬病病毒NP特异性目的基因Nested-PCR得到与预期结果大小一致的扩增产物，两种方法同时检出狂犬病病毒阳性的野生宿主动物脑组织标本5份，其中鼬獾脑组织阳性标本4份，阳性率为8．33％（4／48）；黑线姬鼠脑组织阳性标本1份，阳性率为1．75％（1／57）；猫、跳麂、野猪脑组织未检出阳性标本。结论在浙江省生物多样性的山区检测出狂犬病病毒感染阳性的野生动物鼬獾和野鼠，从病原学角度说明鼬獾和野鼠可能是人间狂犬病的传染来源和狂犬病病毒的宿主动物。Objective To understand the prevalence of rabies among wild animals and the animal species in rabies epidemic areas of Zhejiang province. Methods One hundred and sixty samples were collected from the brain tissues of cats, stoats, Apodemus agrarius, Moschus chinensis, and Sus scrofa in Lishui and Chunan cities of Zhejiang province. Each sample was divided into four parts： cerebrum, mesencephal, cerebellum and gyms hippocampi which were used to determine the positive samples by detection of rabies virus specific antigens and nucleotides, using DFA and RT-PCR methods. Results Positive slides in the tests contained a glaring, apple green brilliance fluorescence using rabies virus specific monoclonal antibody against nucleoprotein. Using Nested-PCR method targeted at part ofN gene, five positive samples were identified which consisting of four positive samples from stoats with positive ratio as 8.33% （4/48） and one positive sample from Apodemus agrarius with positive ratio as 1.75% （1/57）. However, no positive result was found from cats, Moschus chinensis, and Sus scrofa samples. Conclusion Rabies virus positive samples were identified from stoats and Apodemus agrarius in the mountain areas with biological diversity in Lishui and Chunan cities of Zhejiang province, indicating that stoats and Apodemus agrarius might have played a role in human rabies and acted as host of rabies virus. In order to effectively prevent and control rabies virus under these complicated geographical and ecological environment, we must understand and evaluate the infection situation among animals in these regions.

关 键 词：狂犬病 宿主动物 山区 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]