华北冬小麦作物气候干旱指数研究  

Study on the Crop Climate Drought Index of Winter Wheat in North China

作　　者：吴东丽[1,2] 王春乙[1] 张雪芬[3] 薛红喜[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象科学研究院,北京100081 [2]国家气候中心,北京100081 [3]中国气象局气象探测中心,北京100081

出　　处：《科技导报》2009年第7期32-36,共5页Science & Technology Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30771248);国家“十一五”科技支撑计划重点项目(2006BAD04B09)

摘　　要：作为农业干旱指标,降水距平百分率未考虑底墒作用,不同发育期水分对产量影响不同。利用降水距平百分率指数构建了华北冬小麦作物气候冬小麦干旱指数。该指数将冬小麦不同发育阶段的水分产量反应系数应用到降水距平干旱指数中,同时量化底墒对冬小麦生长发育过程中起到的重要作用。通过对河南省卢氏县冬小麦历年干旱和减产率进行计算和分析,结果表明,作物气候指标负距平百分率和减产率的相关性明显高于降水负距平百分率和减产率的相关性。作物气候冬小麦干旱指数在评估冬小麦干旱时要优于降水距平百分率,将作物和气候干旱相结合能更准确地评估冬小麦干旱,弥补降水距平百分率作为农业干旱指数只涉及气候干旱的不足。Precipitation in different growth stages has different influences on the yield of winter wheat, and the Precipitation Anomaly Percentage, as an agricultural drought index, does not take full account of these facts. In order to improve the index, crop climate drought index is proposed based on the well known precipitation anomaly percent. The new index considers apart from precipitation the reactivity coefficient between moisture and yield and the soil moisture before sowing. The paper presents data including yield and growth stages of winter wheat, precipitation in Lushi County, Henan Province to testify the new index. The results show that the correlation between the sequence of yield reduction and crop climate negative anomaly percent is better than that between the sequence of yield reduction and other two sequences of indices, such as precipitation negative anomaly percent, weighted negative anomaly percent. It is shown that the combination of the reactivity coefficients for moisture and yield in different growth stages, and the soil moisture is very effective in assessing agriculture drought. It is concluded that Climate Crop Drought index is suitable in assessing agriculture drought.

关 键 词：冬小麦 作物气候 干旱指数 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学]