高温煅烧条件下石油焦和沥青焦的物理结构及其CO_2气化特性  

PHYSICAL STRUCTURES AND CO_2 GASIFICATION CHARACTERISTICS OF PETROLEUM COKE AND PITCH COKE AT THE CONDITION OF HIGH TEMPERATURE CALCINATION

作　　者：吴诗勇[1] 吴幼青[1] 顾菁[1] 张晓[1] 高晋生[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学能源化工系,上海200237

出　　处：《石油学报（石油加工）》2009年第2期258-265,共8页Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section)

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划"973"项目(2004CB217704);上海高校选拔培养优秀青年教师科研专项基金(YB0157108)资助

摘　　要：在950～1400℃对石油焦和沥青焦进行了煅烧处理，考察了其在煅烧过程中的比表面积和碳微晶结构的变化；同时，在反应温度950～1400℃，采用等温热质法对其CO2气化反应特性进行了研究。结果表明，随煅烧温度的增加，石油焦和沥青焦的比表面积总体上呈现增加的趋势，这与热解煤焦随热解温度的变化趋势相反；随煅烧温度的增加，石油焦和沥青焦的碳微晶结构向有序化方向发展，特别是温度高于1200℃时，其碳微晶结构有序化程度明显快于煤焦；高温煅烧总体上是有利于提高石油焦和沥青焦的气化反应性，这不同于高温热解对煤焦气化反应性的影响；石油焦和沥青焦的气化反应性随反应温度增加而明显增加，反应过程为化学反应控制，甚至在更高反应温度下，反应控制步骤仍不发生变化。Petroleum coke （PMC） and pitch coke （PHC） were calcinated in the temperature range of 950--1400℃and variations of physical structures of calcinated cokes were investigated during the calcination process. At the same time, the CO2 gasification characteristics of PMC, PHC and their calcinated cokes were conducted isothermally using a thermo-gravimetric analyzer at gasification temperatures of 950-- 1400℃. The results obtained mainly were as follows. As a whole, surface areas of PMC and PHC presented an increasing tendency as the calcinated temperature increased, which were opposite to the trend of those of coal chars. Increasing calcinated temperature resulted in the more ordered carbon crystalline structure of PMC and PHC, and the graphitization of PMC and PHC was easier than that of coal chars, especially above 1200℃. The elevated calcinated temperature was favorable to the activity of PMC and PHC, which was different from that of coal chars. With the increasing gasification temperature, the gasification reactivity of PMC and PHC increased distinctly. The whole gasification process of PMC and PHC was chemically controlled, and even at higher gasification temperatures, the gasification reaction was still in the chemical controlling step.

关 键 词：石油焦 沥青焦 物理结构 气化特征 高温煅烧 

分 类 号：TQ546[化学工程—煤化学工程]