华北地区31种植物粗提物对朱砂叶螨Tetranychus cinnabarinus的触杀活性  

Contact Toxicity of Crude Extracts from Thirty-one Acaricidal Plants in Northeastern China against Tetranychus cinnabarinus

作　　者：任建军[1] 师光禄[1] 谷继成[1] 王建文[1] 郑轶[2] 王有年[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京农学院农业部都市农业(北方)重点开放实验室农业应用新技术北京市重点实验室,北京102206 [2]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京100094

出　　处：《北京农学院学报》2009年第2期17-21,共5页Journal of Beijing University of Agriculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30872029);北京市自然科学基金重点项目(6092007);北京市自然科学基金项目(6071001);北京市科委区县专项资金项目;北京市教委平台建设项目;北京市都市农业学科群项目(XK100190553);北京市属高校人才强教深化计划资助项目(PHR20090516;PHR200906134)

摘　　要：通过华北地区31种植物粗提物对朱砂叶螨(Tetranychus cinnabarinus)成螨触杀活性的测定,发现粗提物浓度为1 mg/mL时,柠檬薄荷(Monarda didyma)、胡椒薄荷(Mentha piperita)、木本香薷(Elsholtzia staunt-oni)、猪牙皂(Gleditsia sinensis)、乌头(Aconitum carmichaeli)、鸦胆子(Brucea javanica)、龙葵(Solanum nig-rum)的石油醚粗提物,紫穗槐(Amorpha fruticosa)、艾蒿(Artemesia annua)、银杏叶(Ginkgo biloba)、老鹳草(Geranium pseudosibiricum)的氯仿粗提物,百部(Radix Stemonae)的甲醇粗提物均有明显的杀螨活性,成螨校正死亡率均在80%以上。其中致死率最高的为木本香薷的石油醚粗提物,达到100%;鬼针草(Bidens parviflo-ra)的氯仿粗提物对螨的致死率最低,为2.01%。对成螨触杀死亡率进行Duncan’s检验,发现所试植物中部分植物的杀螨活性在5%水平上差异显著,唇形科(Labiatae)植物的石油醚粗提物触杀效果明显。大部分供试植物的甲醇粗提物对害螨的触杀作用相对较差。用唇形科3种薄荷石油醚粗提物对若螨进行进一步的毒力测定,结果表明毒性最强的为柠檬薄荷粗提物,其LC50值为0.429 4 mg/mL。The acaricidal activities of petroleum either, chloroform and methanol crude extracts from thirtyone plant species were evaluated against Tetranychus cinnabarinus, a phytophagous spider mite. when concentration was 1mg/mL, the crude extracts were tested and the mites＇ mortalities were observed. The results showed that the mortality rate of seven plant species dissolved by petroleum either, four species by chloroform, and one species by methanol were more than eighty percent. The most effective crude extract was Xiangru （Elsholtzia stauntoni） dissolved by petroleum either, with the mortality rate of 100%. Duncan＇s test showed that the contact toxicity of some species from Northeastern China were different from each other significantly at P〈0.05. Three plant species in the family of Labiatae showed a positive effect against T. cinnabarinus, and LC50 of three different peppermints in this family against the immature T. cinnabarinus were 0. 429 4 mg/mL,0. 506 1 mg/mL and 0. 591 7 mg/mL respectively.

关 键 词：杀螨植物 朱砂叶螨 触杀 华北地区 

分 类 号：S433.1[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]